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1 судебное решение по делу
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > судебное решение по делу
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2 дело
сущ.affair; ( занятие) business; work; (начинание, предприятие) business; undertaking; (предмет, цель) cause; юр case; ( досье) record of the proceeding(s)вести дела — ( бизнес) to do (carry on, transact) business; (возглавлять фирму и т.п.) to conduct (handle, run) a business; ( чьи-л дела) to administer (handle) smb's affairs
вести дело — юр to conduct (plead, prosecute) a case (an action); ( об убийстве) to handle a murder case; ( о наркотиках) to handle a drug case; (о преступлении, за которое законом предусмотрена смертная казнь) to handle a capital case (a death penalty case); ( о разводе) to handle a divorce case (smb's divorce)
вмешиваться (совать нос) не в свои (в чужие) дела — to interfere (meddle) in smb's affairs; ( выслеживать тж) разг to snoop around
возбуждать дело — ( против) to bring (commence, enter, file, initiate, lay, start) an action (a suit) ( against);bring (initiate) a case before the court; initiate (institute, take) a legal action (the proceeding|s) ( against); sue; ( об уголовном деле тж) to institute a criminal charge ( against)
закрыть (судебное) дело — to dismiss a case; close the file
защищать дело — ( в суде) to plead a case (a cause) ( in court)
излагать дело — ( в суде) to present a case; lay a case before the court
изымать дело — ( из производства) to eject a case
направлять (передавать) дело в арбитраж (в суд) — to submit (refer, take) a case (a matter) to arbitration (to the court); ( в вышестоящую инстанцию тж) to send up a case; ( на доследование) to remit a case for further inquiry (investigation); ( на повторное рассмотрение) to send a matter (a case) back for a new trial
ознакомиться с материалами дела — to become acquainted (familiar) (familiarize oneself) with all materials of the case
открывать своё дело — комм to start one's own business
пересматривать дело — ( в суде) to reconsider (re-examine, retry) a case
поручать судебное дело — ( кому-л) to assign a case (to)
прекращать дело (производство по делу) — to abate a suit; close a file; dismiss an action (a case); eliminate (terminate) the proceeding(s); ( по обвинению) to dismiss a charge ( against); vindicate ( smb) from a charge; ( уголовное производство) to eliminate (terminate) criminal proceeding(s) ( against)
препятствовать расследованию дела — to impede (obstruct) the investigation into the matter (of a case)
принимать дело к производству — to accept a matter for processing; initiate proceeding(s) (in a case); take over a case; (о преступлении, за которое законом предусмотрена смертная казнь) to take a capital case (a death penalty case)
проиграть дело — ( в суде) to lose an action (a case); ( вследствие неявки в суд) to lose (suffer) by default
разрешать дело — ( в суде) to decide (dispose of, resolve, settle) a case
рассматривать (слушать) дело — ( в суде) to consider (examine, hear, try) a case; have a case under consideration; hold a plea; ( no обвинению) to probe a charge
уладить дело (к удовлетворению сторон) — to adjust (resolve, settle) a matter (to the satisfaction of the parties)
ускорить рассмотрение дела — to expedite (fast-track, speed up) a case (a matter)
по рассмотрении дела — ( в суде) after a trial
возвращение дела — ( апелляционным судом в нижестоящий суд) remittitur
возобновление дела — юр revivor
данные по делу — case findings; data of a case
материалы дела — materials of a case; materials relating to a case (to a matter)
не относящийся к делу — impertinent; irrelevant; redundant
относящийся к делу — pertinent; relevant
пересмотр дела — reconsideration (re-examination) of a case; retrial; trial de novo
прекращение (судебного) дела (производства по делу) (за недостатком улик / за отсутствием состава преступления) — abatement of action (of a suit); dismissal of action (of a case); elimination (termination) of judicial (legal) proceeding(s) (for lack of evidence / for lack of corpus delicti); ( до суда) pretrial dismissal
разбирательство (рассмотрение, слушание) дела — consideration (examination, hearing) of a case; proceeding(s); trial; ( в открытом заседании) public hearing
разрешение дела — ( в суде) decision (disposition, resolution, settlement) of a case ( in court)
слушание дела — hearing of a case; ( о помиловании) clemency hearing
стороны по делу — parties to a case (to an action, a lawsuit)
дела, входящие во внутреннюю компетенцию государства — matters within the domestic jurisdiction of a state
дела, объединённые в одно производство — consolidated cases
дело, за ведение которого адвокат не получает гонорара — ( в порядке благотворительности) pro bono case
дело, затрагивающее общественные интересы — matter of public concern
дело на рассмотрении суда (на стадии судебного разбирательства) — case at bar; pending lawsuit (matter)
дело, находящееся в производстве — case in charge
дело об ответственности производителя — ( перед потребителем за качество товара) product liability case
дело о насилии в семье, дело о жестоком обращении в семье — domestic abuse case
дело о недобросовестном исполнении — (своих обязательств, обязанностей) bad-faith action (case)
дело о штрафных санкциях, дело о штрафных убытках — punitive damages case
дело, подлежащее судебному рассмотрению — case for a trial
дело, принятое судом к производству — matter accepted for processing (for a trial in court)
дело, рассматриваемое с участием присяжных — jury case
дело, являющееся предметом спора — case (matter) in dispute; point at issue
- дело, выигранное обвинениемсомнительные финансовые дела, тёмные финансовые дела — shady financial deals
- дело о банкротстве
- дело об установлении отцовства
- дело о возмещении ущерба
- дело о диффамации
- дело о завещании
- дело о мошенничестве
- дело о наркотиках
- дело о патенте
- дело о поджоге
- дело о приоритете
- дело о разводе
- дело о содержании ребёнка
- дело о страховании
- дело о товарном знаке
- дело по обвинению в клевете
- дело, подсудное Верховному суду
- дело практики
- банковское дело
- бездоказательное дело
- безнадёжное дело
- безотлагательное дело - выгодное дело
- гражданское дело
- громкое дело
- иностранные дела
- конкретное дело
- конфиденциальное дело - неотложное дело
- обычное дело
- рассматриваемое дело
- служебное дело
- спорное дело
- срочное дело
- судебное дело
- сфабрикованное дело
- трудовое дело
- частное дело* * *1) business; 2) case -
3 дело
сущ.affair; ( занятие) business; work; (начинание, предприятие) business; undertaking; (предмет, цель) cause; юр case; ( досье) record of the proceeding(s)вести дела — ( бизнес) to do (carry on, transact) business; (возглавлять фирму и т.п.) to conduct (handle, run) a business; ( чьи-л дела) to administer (handle) smb's affairs
вести дело — юр to conduct (plead, prosecute) a case (an action); ( об убийстве) to handle a murder case; ( о наркотиках) to handle a drug case; (о преступлении, за которое законом предусмотрена смертная казнь) to handle a capital case (a death penalty case); ( о разводе) to handle a divorce case (smb's divorce)
вмешиваться (совать нос) не в свои (в чужие) дела — to interfere (meddle) in smb's affairs; ( выслеживать тж) разг to snoop around
возбуждать дело — ( против) to bring (commence, enter, file, initiate, lay, start) an action (a suit) ( against);bring (initiate) a case before the court; initiate (institute, take) a legal action (the proceeding|s) ( against); sue; ( об уголовном деле тж) to institute a criminal charge ( against)
закрыть (судебное) дело — to dismiss a case; close the file
защищать дело — ( в суде) to plead a case (a cause) ( in court)
излагать дело — ( в суде) to present a case; lay a case before the court
изымать дело — ( из производства) to eject a case
направлять (передавать) дело в арбитраж (в суд) — to submit (refer, take) a case (a matter) to arbitration (to the court); ( в вышестоящую инстанцию тж) to send up a case; ( на доследование) to remit a case for further inquiry (investigation); ( на повторное рассмотрение) to send a matter (a case) back for a new trial
ознакомиться с материалами дела — to become acquainted (familiar) (familiarize oneself) with all materials of the case
открывать своё дело — комм to start one's own business
пересматривать дело — ( в суде) to reconsider (re-examine, retry) a case
поручать судебное дело — ( кому-л) to assign a case (to)
прекращать дело (производство по делу) — to abate a suit; close a file; dismiss an action (a case); eliminate (terminate) the proceeding(s); ( по обвинению) to dismiss a charge ( against); vindicate ( smb) from a charge; ( уголовное производство) to eliminate (terminate) criminal proceeding(s) ( against)
препятствовать расследованию дела — to impede (obstruct) the investigation into the matter (of a case)
принимать дело к производству — to accept a matter for processing; initiate proceeding(s) (in a case); take over a case; (о преступлении, за которое законом предусмотрена смертная казнь) to take a capital case (a death penalty case)
проиграть дело — ( в суде) to lose an action (a case); ( вследствие неявки в суд) to lose (suffer) by default
разрешать дело — ( в суде) to decide (dispose of, resolve, settle) a case
рассматривать (слушать) дело — ( в суде) to consider (examine, hear, try) a case; have a case under consideration; hold a plea; ( no обвинению) to probe a charge
уладить дело (к удовлетворению сторон) — to adjust (resolve, settle) a matter (to the satisfaction of the parties)
ускорить рассмотрение дела — to expedite (fast-track, speed up) a case (a matter)
по рассмотрении дела — ( в суде) after a trial
возвращение дела — ( апелляционным судом в нижестоящий суд) remittitur
возобновление дела — юр revivor
данные по делу — case findings; data of a case
материалы дела — materials of a case; materials relating to a case (to a matter)
не относящийся к делу — impertinent; irrelevant; redundant
относящийся к делу — pertinent; relevant
пересмотр дела — reconsideration (re-examination) of a case; retrial; trial de novo
прекращение (судебного) дела (производства по делу) (за недостатком улик / за отсутствием состава преступления) — abatement of action (of a suit); dismissal of action (of a case); elimination (termination) of judicial (legal) proceeding(s) (for lack of evidence / for lack of corpus delicti); ( до суда) pretrial dismissal
разбирательство (рассмотрение, слушание) дела — consideration (examination, hearing) of a case; proceeding(s); trial; ( в открытом заседании) public hearing
разрешение дела — ( в суде) decision (disposition, resolution, settlement) of a case ( in court)
слушание дела — hearing of a case; ( о помиловании) clemency hearing
стороны по делу — parties to a case (to an action, a lawsuit)
дела, входящие во внутреннюю компетенцию государства — matters within the domestic jurisdiction of a state
дела, объединённые в одно производство — consolidated cases
дело, за ведение которого адвокат не получает гонорара — ( в порядке благотворительности) pro bono case
дело, затрагивающее общественные интересы — matter of public concern
дело на рассмотрении суда (на стадии судебного разбирательства) — case at bar; pending lawsuit (matter)
дело, находящееся в производстве — case in charge
дело об ответственности производителя — ( перед потребителем за качество товара) product liability case
дело о насилии в семье, дело о жестоком обращении в семье — domestic abuse case
дело о недобросовестном исполнении — (своих обязательств, обязанностей) bad-faith action (case)
дело о штрафных санкциях, дело о штрафных убытках — punitive damages case
дело, подлежащее судебному рассмотрению — case for a trial
дело, принятое судом к производству — matter accepted for processing (for a trial in court)
дело, рассматриваемое с участием присяжных — jury case
дело, являющееся предметом спора — case (matter) in dispute; point at issue
- дело, выигранное обвинениемсомнительные финансовые дела, тёмные финансовые дела — shady financial deals
- дело о банкротстве
- дело об установлении отцовства
- дело о возмещении ущерба
- дело о диффамации
- дело о завещании
- дело о мошенничестве
- дело о наркотиках
- дело о патенте
- дело о поджоге
- дело о приоритете
- дело о разводе
- дело о содержании ребёнка
- дело о страховании
- дело о товарном знаке
- дело по обвинению в клевете
- дело, подсудное Верховному суду
- дело практики
- банковское дело
- бездоказательное дело
- безнадёжное дело
- безотлагательное дело - выгодное дело
- гражданское дело
- громкое дело
- иностранные дела
- конкретное дело
- конфиденциальное дело - неотложное дело
- обычное дело
- рассматриваемое дело
- служебное дело
- спорное дело
- срочное дело
- судебное дело
- сфабрикованное дело
- трудовое дело
- частное дело* * *1) business; 2) case -
4 дело
сущ.affair;( занятие) business;work;(начинание, предприятие) business;undertaking;(предмет, цель) cause; юр. case; ( досье) record of the proceeding(s)- дело о разводе
- банковское дело
- бездоказательное дело
- безотлагательное дело
- бракоразводное дело
- возбуждать дело
- возобновлять дело
- выгодное дело
- выиграть дело
- гражданское дело
- защищать дело
- излагать дело
- конкретное дело
- личное дело
- незаконченное судебное дело
- неотложное дело
- открывать своё дело
- пересматривать дело
- прекращать дело
- проиграть дело
- разрешать дело
- расследовать дело
- рассматриваемое дело
- служебное дело
- спорное дело
- судебное дело
- трудовое деловести дело — юр. to conduct (plead, prosecute) a case (an action)
дело на рассмотрении суда — case at bar; pending matter
\делоа, входящие во внутреннюю компетенцию государства — matters within the domestic jurisdiction of a state
\делоа, объединённые в одно производство — consolidated cases
дело, выигранное защитой — case for the defence
дело, выигранное обвинением — case for the prosecution
дело, затрагивающее общественные интересы — matter of public concern
дело, находящееся в производстве — case in charge
дело, подлежащее судебному рассмотрению — case for a trial
дело, подсудное Верховному суду — case within the jurisdiction of the Supreme court
дело, принятое к производству судом — matter accepted for processing (for a trial in court)
дело, являющееся предметом спора — case (matter) in dispute; point at issue
вести \делоа — to do (carry on, transact) business; (возглавлять фирму и т.п.) to conduct (handle, run) a business
внутренние \делоа — domestic (home, internal) affairs
возобновление \делоа — юр. revivor
возражение по существу \делоа — general exception
данные по \делоу — case findings; data of a case
заочное разбирательство \делоа — examination of a case in absentia
изложение \делоа — presentation of a case
иностранные \делоа — external (foreign, international, world) affairs
исход \делоа — outcome of a case
материалы \делоа — materials of a case; materials relating to a case (to a matter)
назначать слушание \делоа — to appoint a hearing
направлять (передавать) дело в арбитраж (в суд) — to submit (refer) a case (a matter) to arbitration (to the court); ( о вышестоящей инстанции тж) to send up a case
не относящийся к \делоу — impertinent; irrelevant; redundant
обвиняемый по \делоу — defendant in a case
обстоятельства \делоа — circumstances (facts) in (of) a case
относящийся к \делоу — pertinent; relevant
пересмотр \делоа — reconsideration (reexamination) of a case; retrial; trial de novo
по обстоятельствам \делоа — based on the circumstances of a case (of a matter)
по существу \делоа — on the merits of a case
по тому же \делоу — on the same matter
прекращение \делоа — (производства по \делоу --) abatement of a suit; dismissal of a case (of an action); ( до суда) pretrial dismissal; --
при слушании \делоа — during the hearing of a case
принимать дело к производству — to accept a matter for processing; take over a case
приобщать к \делоу — to enter upon the record
приобщение к материалам \делоа — deposition
разбирательство (рассмотрение, слушание) \делоа — examination (hearing) of a case
разрешение \делоа — decision (disposition) of a case
рассматривать (слушать) дело — ( в суде) to consider (examine, hear, try) a case; hold a plea; ( по обвинению) to probe a charge
решать \делов чью-л пользу — to decide (resolve) a case (a matter) in smb’s favour
стороны по \делоу — parties to a case (to an action, a lawsuit)
ход \делоа — progress of a case
ходатайство о пересмотре \делоа — motion for a new trial
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5 BERA
* * *I)(ber; bar, bárum; borinn), v.I.1) to bear, carry, convey (bar B. biskup í börum suðr í Hvamm);bera (farm) af skipi, to unload a ship;bera (mat) af borði, to take (the meat) off the table;bera e-t á hesti, to carry on horseback;2) to wear (bera klæði, vápn, kórónu);bera œgishjálm, to inspire fear and awe;3) to bear, produce, yield (jörðin berr gras; tré bera aldin, epli);4) to bear, give birth to, esp. of sheep and cows;kýr hafði borit kálf, had calved;absol., ván at hón mundi bera, that the cow would calve;the pp. is used of men; hann hafði verit blindr borinn, born blind;verða borinn í þenna heim, to be born into this world;þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, born to;borinn e-m, frá e-m (rare), born of;Nótt var Nörvi borin, was the daughter of N.;borinn Sigmundi, son of S.;5) bera e-n afli, ofrafli, ofrliði, ofrmagni, ofríki, to bear one down, overcome, oppress, one by odds or superior force;bera e-n ráðum, to overrule one;bera e-n málum, to bear one down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit;bera e-n sök, to charge one with a fault;bera e-n bjóri, to make drunk with beer;verða bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise;borinn verkjum, overcome by pains;þess er borin ván, there is no hope, all hope is gone;borinn baugum, bribed; cf. bera fé á e-n, to bribe one;6) to lear, be capable of bearing (of a ship, horse, vehicle);þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, with as much as they could carry;fig., to sustain, support (svá mikill mannfjöldi, at landit fekk eigi borit);of persons, to bear up against, endure, support (grief, sorrow, etc.);absol., bar hann drengiliga, he bore it manfully;similarly, bera (harm) af sér, berast vel (illa, lítt) af;bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore up bravely;hversu berst Auðr af um bróðurdauðann, how does she bear it?hon berst af lítt, she is much cast down;bera sik vel upp, to bear well up against;7) bera e-t á, e-n á hendr e-m, to charge or tax one with (eigi erum vér þess valdir, er þú berr á oss);bera (kvið) á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty (í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn);bera af e-m (kviðinn), to give a verdict for;bera e-t af sér, to deny having done a thing;bera or bera vitni, vætti, to bear witness, testify;bera or bera um e-t, to give a verdict in a case;bera e-n sannan at sök, to prove guilty by evidence;bera e-n undan sök, to acquit;bera í sundr frændsemi þeirra, to prove (by evidence) that they are not relations;bera e-m vel (illa) söguna, to give a favourable (unfavourable) account of one;refl. (pass.), berast, to be proved by evidence (þótt þér berist þat faðerni, er þú segir);8) to set forth, report, tell;bera e-m kveðju (orð, orðsending), to bring one a greeting, compliments (word, message);bera or bera fram erindi sín fyrir e-n, to state (tell) one’s errand or to plead one’s case before one;bera e-m njósn, to apprise one;bera e-t upp, to produce, mention, tell;bera upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle;bera upp erindi sín, to state one’s errand;bera saman ráð sín, to consult together;eyddist það ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed;9) to keep, hold, bear, of a title (bera jarlnafn, konnungsnafn);bera (eigi) giptu, gæfu, hammingju, auðnu til e-s, (not) to have the good fortune to do a thing (bar hann enga gæfu til at þjóna þér);bera vit, skyn, kunnáttu á e-t, to have knowledge of, uniderstanding about;vel viti borinn, endowed with a good understanding;bera hug, áræði, þor, traust til e-s, to have courage, confidence to do a thing;bera áhyggju fyrir e-u, to be concerned about;bera ást, elsku, hatr til e-s, to bear affection, love, hatred to;10) to bear off or away, carry off (some gain);bera sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in;hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orustum, he had been victorious in two battles;bera hærra (lægra) hlut to get the best (the worst) of it;bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to gain the victory;bera hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), to be in high (low) spirits;bera halann bratt, lágt, to cock up or let fall the tail, to be in high or low spirits;11) with preps.:bera af e-m, to surpass;en þó bar Bolli af, surpassed all the rest;bera af sér högg, lag to ward off, parry a blow or thrust;bera eld at, to set fire to;bera fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one;bera vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons;bera á or í, to smear, anoint (bera vatn í augu sér, bera tjöru í höfuð sér);bera e-t til, to apply to, to try if it fits (bera til hvern lykil af öðrum at portinu);bera e-t um, to wind round;þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body;bera um með e-n, to bear with, have patience with;bera út barn, to expose a child;12) refl., berast mikit (lítit) á, to bear oneself proudly (humbly);láta af berast, to die;láta fyrir berast e-s staðar, to stay, remain in a place (for shelter);berast e-t fyrir, to design a thing (barst hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur);at njósna um, hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about;berast vápn á, to attack one another;berast at or til, to happen;þat barst at (happened) á einhverju sumri;ef svá harðliga kann til at berast, if that misfortune does happen;berast í móti, to happen, occur;hefir þetta vel í móti borizt, it is a happy coincidence;berast við, to be prevented;ok nú lét almáttugr guð við berast kirkjubrunann, prevented, stopped the burning of the church;II. impers., denoting a sort of passive or involuntary motion;1) with acc., it bears or carries one to a place;alla berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end);bar hann (acc.) þá ofan gegnt Ösuri, he happened to come down just opposite to Ö.;esp. of ships and sailors; berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eða annarra landa, we drift to Iceland or other countries;þá (acc.) bar suðr í haf, they were carried out southwards;Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, S. came suddenly upon them;ef hann (acc.) skyldi bera þar at, if he should happen to come there;e-n berr yfir, one is borne onwards, of a bird flying, a man riding;hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, it passed quickly (of a flying meteor);2) followed by preps.:Gunnar sér, at rauðan kyrtil bar við glugginn, that a red kirtle passed before the window;hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, there was nowhere a shadow;e-t berr fram (hátt), is prominent;Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingu ok bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, stood out conspicuously;e-t berr á milli, comes between;leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect;fig. e-m berr e-t á milli, they are at variance about a thing;mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, many things come now before my eyes;veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m, game falls to one’s lot;e-t berr undan, goes amiss, fails;bera saman, to coincide;bar nöfn þeirra saman, they had the same name;fig., with dat.; bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the stories agreed well together;fund várn bar saman, we met;3) bera at, til, við, at hendi, til handa, to befall, happen, with dat. of the person;svá bar at einn vetr, it happened one winter;þó at þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, has befallen us;bar honum svá til, it so befell him;þat bar við (it so happened), at Högni kom;raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by fact;4) of time, to fall upon;ef þing (acc.) berr á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls in the holy week;bera í móti, to coincide, happen exactly at the same time;5) denoting cause;e-t berr til, causes a thing;konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief;ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason;berr e-m nauðsyn til e-s, one is obliged to do a thing;6) e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot;hon á arf at taka, þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn;e-t berr frá, is surpassing;er sagt, at þat (acc.) bæri frá, hvé vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they spoke;7) e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden;e-t berr stóru, stórum (stœrrum), it amounts to much (more), it matters a great deal (more), it is of great (greater) importance;8) absol. or with an adv., vel, illa, with infin.;e-m berr (vel, illa) at gera e-t, it becomes, beseems one (well, ill) to do a thing (berr yðr vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli);used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, or unbeseeming, improper, unfit (þat þykkir eigi illa bera, at).(að), v. to make bare (hon beraði likam sinn).* * *1.u, f.I. [björn], a she-bear, Lat. ursa; the primitive root ‘ber’ remains only in this word (cp. berserkr and berfjall), björn (q. v.) being the masc. in use, Landn. 176, Fas. i. 367, Vkv. 9: in many Icel. local names, Beru-fjörðr, -vík, from Polar bears; fem. names, Bera, Hallbera, etc., Landn.II. a shield, poët., the proverb, baugr er á beru sæmstr, to a shield fits best a baugr (q. v.), Lex. Poët., Edda (Gl.); hence names of poems Beru-drápa, Eg.2.bar, báru, borit, pres. berr,—poët. forms with the suffixed negative; 3rd pers. sing. pres. Indic. berrat, Hm. 10; 3rd pers. sing. pret. barat, Vellekla; 1st pers. sing. barkak, Eb. 62 (in a verse); barkat ek, Hs. 8; 2nd pers. sing. bartattu; 3rd pers. pl. bárut, etc., v. Lex. Poët. [Gr. φέρειν; Lat. ferre; Ulf. bairan; A. S. beran; Germ. gebären; Engl. bear; Swed. bära; Dan. bære].A. Lat. ferre, portare:I. prop. with a sense of motion, to bear, carry, by means of the body, of animals, of vehicles, etc., with acc., Egil tók mjöðdrekku eina mikla, ok bar undir hendi sér, Eg. 237; bar hann heim hrís, Rm. 9; konungr lét bera inn kistur tvær, báru tveir menn hverja, Eg. 310; bera farm af skipi, to unload a ship, Ld. 32; bera (farm) á skip, to load a ship, Nj. 182; tóku alla ösku ok báru á á ( amnem) út, 623, 36; ok bar þat ( carried it) í kerald, 43, K. Þ. K. 92; b. mat á borð, í stofu, to put the meat on table, in the oven; b. mat af borði, to take it off table, Eb. 36, 266, Nj. 75, Fms. ix. 219, etc.2. Lat. gestare, ferre, denoting to wear clothes, to carry weapons; skikkja dýr er konungr hafði borit, Eg. 318; b. kórónu, to wear the crown, Fms. x. 16; atgeir, Nj. 119; vápn, 209: metaph., b. ægishjálm, to inspire fear and awe; b. merki, to carry the flag in a battle, Nj. 274, Orkn. 28, 30, 38, Fms. v. 64, vi. 413; bera fram merki, to advance, move in a battle, vi. 406.3. b. e-t á hesti (áburðr), to carry on horseback; Auðunn bar mat á hesti, Grett. 107; ok bar hrís á hesti, 76 new Ed.; þeir báru á sjau hestum, 98 new Ed.II. without a sense of motion:1. to give birth to; [the root of barn, bairn; byrja, incipere; burðr, partus; and burr, filius: cp. Lat. parĕre; also Gr. φέρειν, Lat. ferre, of child-bearing.] In Icel. prose, old as well as mod., ‘ala’ and ‘fæða’ are used of women; but ‘bera,’ of cows and sheep; hence sauðburðr, casting of lambs, kýrburðr; a cow is snembær, siðbær, Jólabær, calves early, late, at Yule time, etc.; var ekki ván at hon ( the cow) mundi b. fyr en um várit, Bs. i. 193, 194; kýr hafði borit kálf, Bjarn. 32; bar hvárrtveggi sauðrinn sinn burð, Stj. 178: the participle borinn is used of men in a great many compds in a general sense, aptrborinn, árborinn, endrborinn, frjálsborinn, goðborinn, höldborinn, hersborinn, konungborinn, óðalborinn, samborinn, sundrborinn, velborinn, úborinn, þrælborinn, etc.; also out of compds, mun ek eigi upp gefa þann sóma, sem ek em til borinn, … entitled to by inheritance, Ld. 102; hann hafði blindr verit borinn, born blind, Nj. 152, Hdl. 34, 42, Vsp. 2: esp. borinn e-m, born of one, Rm. 39, Hdl. 12, 23, 27, Hðm. 2, Gs. 9, Vþm. 25, Stor. 16, Vkv. 15; borinn frá e-m, Hdl. 24: the other tenses are in theol. Prose used of Christ, hans blezaða son er virðist at láta berast hingað í heim af sinni blezaðri móður, Fms. i. 281; otherwise only in poetry, eina dóttur (acc.) berr álfröðull (viz. the sun, regarded as the mother), Vþm. 47; hann Gjálp um bar, hann Greip um bar …, Hdl. 36: borit (sup.), Hkv. 1. 1.β. of trees, flowers; b. ávöxt, blóm …, to bear fruit, flower … (freq.); bar aldinviðrinn tvennan blóma, Fms. ix. 265; cp. the phrase, bera sitt barr, v. barr.2. denoting to load, with acc. of the person and dat. of the thing:α. in prop. sense; hann hafði borit sik mjök vápnum, he had loaded himself with arms, i. e. wore heavy armour, Sturl. iii. 250.β. but mostly in a metaph. sense; b. e-n ofrafli, ofrmagni, ofrliði, ofríki, magni, to bear one down, to overcome, oppress one, by odds or superior force, Grág. i. 101, ii. 195, Nj. 80, Hkr. ii. 371, Gþl. 474, Stj. 512, Fms. iii. 175 (in the last passage a dat. pers. badly); b. e-n ráðum, to overrule one, Nj. 198, Ld. 296; b. e-n málum, to bearhim down (wrongfully) in a lawsuit, Nj. 151; b. e-n bjóri, to make drunk, Vkv. 26: medic., borinn verkjum, sótt, Bjarn. 68, Og. 5; bölvi, Gg. 2: borne down, feeling heavy pains; þess er borin ván, no hope, all hope is gone, Ld. 250; borinn sök, charged with a cause, Fms. v. 324, H. E. i. 561; bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise, Fms. iv. 111; b. fé, gull á e-n, to bring one a fee, gold, i. e. to bribe one, Nj. 62; borinn baugum, bribed, Alvm. 5; always in a bad sense, cp. the law phrase, b. fé í dóm, to bribe a court, Grág., Nj. 240.3. to bear, support, sustain, Lat. sustinere, lolerare, ferre:α. properly, of a ship, horse, vehicle, to bear, be capable of bearing; þeir hlóðu bæði skipin sem borð báru, all that they could carry, Eb. 302;—a ship ‘berr’ ( carries) such and such a weight; but ‘tekr’ ( takes) denotes a measure of fluids.β. metaph. to sustain, support; dreif þannig svá mikill mannfjöldi at landit fékk eigi borit, Hkr. i. 56; but metaph. to bear up against, endure, support grief, sorrow, etc., sýndist öllum at Guð hefði nær ætlað hvat hann mundi b. mega, Bs. i. 139; biðr hann friðar ok þykist ekki mega b. reiði hans, Fms. iii. 80: the phrase, b. harm sinn í hljóði, to suffer silently; b. svívirðing, x. 333: absol., þótti honum mikit víg Kjartans, en þó bar hann drengilega, he bore it manfully, Ld. 226; er þat úvizka, at b. eigi slíkt, not to bear or put up with, Glúm. 327; b. harm, to grieve, Fms. xi. 425: in the phrases, b. sik, b. af sér, berask, berask vel (illa, lítt), to bear oneself, to bear up against misfortune; Guðrúnu þótti mikit fráfall Þorkels, en þó bar hon sköruliga af sér, she bore her bravely up, Ld. 326–328; lézt hafa spurt at ekkjan bæri vel af sér harmana, Eb. 88; berask af; hversu bersk Auðr af um bróðurdauðann? (how does she bear it?); hón bersk af lítt ( she is much borne down) ok þykir mikit, Gísl. 24; niun oss vandara gört en öðrum at vér berim oss vel (Lat. fortiter ferre), Nj. 197; engi maðr hefði þar jamvel borit sik, none bad borne himself so boldly, Sturl. iii. 132; b. sik vel upp, to bear well up against, bear a stout heart, Hrafn. 17; b. sik beiskliga ( sorely), Stj. 143; b. sik lítt, to be downcast, Fms. ii. 61; b. sik at göra e-t, to do one’s best, try a thing.III. in law terms or modes of procedure:1. bera járn, the ordeal of bearing hot iron in the hand, cp. járnburðr, skírsla. This custom was introduced into Scandinavia together with Christianity from Germany and England, and superseded the old heathen ordeals ‘hólmganga,’ and ‘ganga undir jarðarmen,’ v. this word. In Norway, during the civil wars, it was esp. used in proof of paternity of the various pretenders to the crown, Fms. vii. 164, 200, ix. Hák. S. ch. 14, 41–45, viii. (Sverr. S.) ch. 150, xi. (Jómsv. S.) ch. 11, Grett. ch. 41, cp. N. G. L. i. 145, 389. Trial by ordeal was abolished in Norway A. D. 1247. In Icel. It was very rarely mentioned, vide however Lv. ch. 23 (paternity), twice or thrice in the Sturl. i. 56, 65, 147, and Grág. i. 341, 361; it seems to have been very seldom used there, (the passage in Grett. S. l. c. refers to Norway.)2. bera út (hence útburðr, q. v.), to expose children; on this heathen custom, vide Grimm R. A. In heathen Icel., as in other parts of heathen Scandinavia, it was a lawful act, but seldom exercised; the chief passages on record are, Gunnl. S. ch. 3 (ok þat var þá siðvandi nokkurr, er land var allt alheiðit, at þeir menn er félitlir vórn, en stóð ómegð mjök til handa létu út bera börn sín, ok þótti þó illa gört ávalt), Fs. Vd. ch. 37, Harð. S. ch. 8, Rd. ch. 7, Landn. v. ch. 6, Finnb. ch. 2, Þorst. Uxaf. ch. 4, Hervar. S. ch. 4, Fas. i. 547 (a romance); cp. Jómsv. S. ch. 1. On the introduction of Christianity into Icel. A. D. 1000, it was resolved that, in regard to eating of horse-flesh and exposure of children, the old laws should remain in force, Íb. ch. 9; as Grimm remarks, the exposure must take place immediately after birth, before the child had tasted food of any kind whatever, and before it was besprinkled with water (ausa vatni) or shown to the father, who had to fix its name; exposure, after any of these acts, was murder, cp. the story of Liafburga told by Grimm R. A.); v. Also a Latin essay at the end of the Gunnl. S. (Ed. 1775). The Christian Jus Eccl. put an end to this heathen barbarism by stating at its very beginning, ala skal barn hvert er borit verðr, i. e. all children, if not of monstrous shape, shall be brought up, N. G. L. i. 339, 363.β. b. út (now more usual, hefja út, Am. 100), to carry out for burial; vera erfðr ok tit borinn, Odd. 20; var hann heygðr, ok út borinn at fornum sið, Fb. i. 123; b. á bál, to place (the body and treasures) upon the pile, the mode of burying in the old heathen time, Fas. i. 487 (in a verse); var hon borin á bálit ok slegit í eldi, Edda 38.B. Various and metaph. cases.I. denoting motion:1. ‘bera’ is in the Grág. the standing law term for delivery of a verdict by a jury (búar), either ‘bera’ absol. or adding kvið ( verdict); bera á e-n, or b. kvið á e-n, to give a verdict against, declare guilty; bera af e-m, or b. af e-m kviðinn, to give a verdict for; or generally, bera, or b. um e-t, to give a verdict in a case; bera, or b. vitni, vætti, also simply means to testify, to witness, Nj. 111, cp. kviðburðr ( delivering of verdict), vitnisburðr ( bearing witness), Grág. ii. 28; eigi eigu búar ( jurors) enn at b. um þat hvat lög eru á landi hér, the jurors have not to give verdict in (to decide) what is law in the country, cp. the Engl. maxim, that jurors have only to decide the question of evidence, not of law, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 85; eigi eru búar skildir at b. um hvatvetna; um engi mál eigu þeir at skilja, þau er erlendis ( abroad) hafa görzt, id.; the form in delivering the verdict—höfum vér ( the jurors), orðit á eitt sáttir, berum á kviðburðinn, berum hann sannan at sökinni, Nj. 238, Grág. i. 49, 22, 138, etc.; í annat sinn báru þeir á Flosa kviðinn, id.; b. annattveggja af eðr á; b. undan, to discharge, Nj. 135; b. kvið í hag ( for), Grág. i. 55; b. lýsingar vætti, Nj. 87; b. vitni ok vætti, 28, 43, 44; b. ljúgvitni, to bear false witness, Grág. i. 28; b. orð, to bear witness to a speech, 43; bera frændsemi sundr, to prove that they are not relations, N. G. L. i. 147: reflex., berask ór vætti, to prove that oneself is wrongly summoned to bear witness or to give a verdict, 44: berask in a pass. sense, to be proved by evidence, ef vanefni b. þess manns er á hönd var lýst, Grág. i. 257; nema jafnmæli berisk, 229; þótt þér berisk þat faðerni er þú segir, Fms. vii. 164; hann kvaðst ætla, at honum mundi berask, that he would be able to get evidence for, Fs. 46.β. gener. and not as a law term; b. á, b. á hendr, to charge; b. e-n undan, to discharge, Fs. 95; eigi erum vér þessa valdir er þú berr á oss, Nj. 238, Ld. 206, Fms. iv. 380, xi. 251, Th. 78; b. e-m á brýnn, to throw in one’s face, to accuse, Greg. 51; b. af sér, to deny; eigi mun ek af mér b., at… ( non diffitebor), Nj. 271; b. e-m gott vitni, to give one a good…, 11; b. e-m vel (illa) söguna, to bear favourable (unfavourable) witness of one, 271.2. to bear by word of mouth, report, tell, Lat. referre; either absol. or adding kveðju, orð, orðsending, eyrindi, boð, sögu, njósn, frétt…, or by adding a prep., b. fram, frá, upp, fyrir; b. kveðju, to bring a greeting, compliment, Eg. 127; b. erindi (sín) fyrir e-n, to plead one’s case before one, or to tell one’s errand, 472, 473; b. njósn, to apprise, Nj. 131; b. fram, to deliver (a speech), talaði jungherra Magnús hit fyrsta erindi (M. made his first speech in public), ok fanst mönnum mikit um hversu úbernsliga fram var borit, Fms. x. 53; (in mod. usage, b. fram denotes gramm. to pronounce, hence ‘framburðr,’ pronunciation); mun ek þat nú fram b., I shall now tell, produce it, Ld. 256, Eg. 37; b. frá, to attest, relate with emphasis; má þat frá b., Dropl. 21; b. upp, to produce, mention, tell, þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, though such a lie be told him, Eg. 59; þær (viz. charges) urðu engar upp bornar ( produced) við Rút, Nj. 11; berr Sigtryggr þegar upp erindi sín (cp. Germ. ojfenbaren), 271, Ld. 256; b. upp gátu, to give (propound) a riddle, Stj. 411, Fas. i. 464; b. fyrir, to plead as an excuse; b. saman ráð sín, or the like, to consult, Nj. 91; eyddist þat ráð, er þeir báru saman, which they had designed, Post. 656 A. ii; b. til skripta, to confess (eccl.), of auricular confession, Hom. 124, 655 xx.II. in a metaphorical or circumlocutory sense, and without any sense of motion, to keep, hold, bear, of a title; b. nafn, to bear a name, esp. as honour or distinction; tignar nafn, haulds nafn, jarls nafn, lends manns nafn, konungs nafn, bónda nafn, Fms. i. 17, vi. 278, xi. 44, Gþl. 106: in a more metaph. sense, denoting endowments, luck, disposition, or the like, b. (ekki) gæfu, hamingju, auðnu til e-s, to enjoy (enjoy not) good or bad luck, etc.; at Þórólfr mundi eigi allsendis gæfu til b. um vináttu við Harald, Eg. 75, 112, 473, Fms. iv. 164, i. 218; úhamingju, 219; b. vit, skyn, kunnáttu á (yfir) e-t, to bring wit, knowledge, etc., to bear upon a thing, xi. 438, Band. 7; hence vel (illa) viti borinn, well (ill) endowed with wit, Eg. 51; vel hyggjandi borinn, well endowed with reason, Grág. ii; b. hug, traust, áræði, þor, til e-s, to have courage, confidence … to do a thing, Gullþ. 47, Fms. ix. 220, Band. 7; b. áhyggju, önn fyrir, to care, be concerned about, Fms. x. 318; b. ást, elsku til e-s, to bear affection, love to one; b. hatr, to hate: b. svört augu, to have dark eyes, poët., Korm. (in a verse); b. snart hjarta, Hom. 5; vant er þat af sjá hvar hvergi berr hjarta sitt, where he keeps his heart, Orkn. 474; b. gott hjarta, to bear a proud heart, Lex. Poët., etc. etc.; b. skyndi at um e-t, to make speed with a thing, Lat. festinare, Fms. viii. 57.2. with some sense of motion, to bear off or away, carry off, gain, in such phrases as, b. sigr af e-m, af e-u, to carry off the victory from or in …; hann hafði borit sigr af tveim orrustum, er frægstar hafa verit, he had borne off the victory in two battles, Fms. xi. 186; bera banaorð af e-m, to slay one in a fight, to be the victor; Þorr berr banaorð af Miðgarðsormi, Edda 42, Fms. x. 400: it seems properly to mean, to bear off the fame of having killed a man; verðat svá rík sköp, at Regin skyli mitt banorð bera, Fm. 39; b. hærra, lægra hlut, ‘to bear off the higher or the lower lot,’ i. e. to get the best or the worst of it, or the metaphor is taken from a sortilege, Fms. ii. 268, i. 59, vi. 412; b. efra, hærra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, to get the victory, x. 394, Lex. Poët.; b. hátt (lágt) höfuðit, to bear the head high (low), i. e. to be in high or low spirits, Nj. 91; but also, b. halann bratt (lágt), to cock up or let fall the tail (metaph. from cattle), to be in an exultant or low mood: sundry phrases, as, b. bein, to rest the bones, be buried; far þú til Íslands, þar mun þér auðið verða beinin at b., Grett. 91 A; en þó hygg ek at þú munir hér b. beinin í Norðrálfunni, Orkn. 142; b. fyrir borð, to throw overboard, metaph. to oppress; verðr Þórhalli nú fyrir borð borinn, Th. was defied, set at naught, Fær. 234; b. brjóst fyrir e-m, to be the breast-shield, protection of one, Fms. vii. 263: also, b. hönd fyrir höfuð sér, metaph. to put one’s hand before one’s head, i. e. to defend oneself; b. ægishjálm yfir e-m, to keep one in awe and submission, Fm. 16, vide A. I. 2.III. connected with prepp., b. af, and (rarely) yfir (cp. afburðr, yfirburðr), to excel, surpass; eigi sá hvárttveggja féit er af öðrum berr, who gets the best of it, Nj. 15; en þó bar Bolli af, B. surpassed all the rest, Ld. 330; þat mannval bar eigi minnr af öðrum mönnum um fríðleik, afi ok fræknleik, en Ormrinn Langi af öðrum skipum, Fms. ii. 252; at hinn útlendi skal yfir b. ( outdo) þann sem Enskir kalla meistara, xi. 431: b. til, to apply, try if it fits; en er þeir báru til (viz. shoes to the hoof of a horse), þá var sem hæfði hestinum, ix. 55; bera til hvern lykil at öðrum at portinu, Thom. 141; b. e-t við, to try it on (hence viðburðr, experiment, effort): b. um, to wind round, as a cable round a pole or the like, Nj. 115; þá bar hann þá festi um sik, made it fast round his body, Fms. ix. 219; ‘b. e-t undir e-n’ is to consult one, ellipt., b. undir dóm e-s; ‘b. e-t fyrir’ is to feign, use as excuse: b. á, í, to smear, anoint; b. vatn í augu sér, Rb. 354; b. tjöru í höfuð sér, Nj. 181, Hom. 70, 73, cp. áburðr; b. gull, silfr, á, to ornament with gold or silver, Ld. 114, Finnb. 258: is now also used = to dung, b. á völl; b. vápn á e-n, to attack one with sharp weapons, Eg. 583, Fms. xi. 334: b. eld at, to set fire to, Nj. 122; b. fjötur (bönd) at e-m, to put fetters (bonds) on one, Fms. x. 172, Hm. 150: metaph. reflex., bönd berask at e-m, a law term, the evidence bears against one; b. af sér, to parry off; Gyrðr berr af sér lagit, G. parries the thrust off, Fms. x. 421; cp. A. II. 3. β.IV. reflex., berask mikit á (cp. áburðr), to bear oneself proudly, or b. lítið á, to bear oneself humbly; hann var hinn kátasti ok barst á mikit, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 219, Eb. 258; b. lítið á, Clem. 35; láta af berask, to die; Óttarr vill skipa til um fjárfar sitt áðr hann láti af b., Fms. ii. 12: berask fyrir, to abide in a place as an asylum, seek shelter; hér munu vit láta fyrir b., Fas. iii. 471; berask e-t fyrir, to design a thing, be busy about, barsk hann þat fyrir at sjá aldregi konur, Greg. 53; at njósna um hvat hann bærist fyrir, to inquire into what he was about, Fms. iv. 184, Vígl. 19.β. recipr. in the phrase, berask banaspjót eptir, to seek for one another’s life, Glúm. 354: b. vápn á, of a mutual attack with sharp weapons, Fms. viii. 53.γ. pass., sár berask á e-n, of one in the heat of battle beginning to get wounds and give way, Nj.:—berask við, to be prevented, not to do; ok nú lét Almáttugr Guð við berast kirkjubrunnann, stopped, prevented the burning of the church, Fms. v. 144; en mér þætti gott ef við bærist, svá at hón kæmi eigi til þín, vi. 210, vii. 219; ok var þá búit at hann mundi þegar láta hamarinn skjanna honum, en hann lét þat við berask, he bethought himself and did not, Edda 35; því at mönnum þótti sem þannig mundi helzt úhæfa við berask, that mischief would thus be best prevented, Sturl. ii. 6, iii. 80.C. IMPERS.:—with a sort of passive sense, both in a loc. and temp. sense, and gener. denotes an involuntary, passive motion, happening suddenly or by chance:I. with acc. it bears or carries one to a place, i. e. one happens to come; the proverb, alla (acc.) berr at sama brunni, all come to the same well (end), Lat. omnes una manet nox; bar hann þá ofan gegnt Özuri, he happened to come in his course just opposite to Ö., Lat. delatus est, Dropl. 25: esp. of ships or sailors; nú berr svá til ( happens) herra, at vér komum eigi fram ferðinni, berr oss (acc.) til Íslands eðr annara landa, it bore us to I., i. e. if we drive or drift thither, Fms. iv. 176; þá (acc. pl.) bar suðr í haf, they drifted southwards, Nj. 124.β. as a cricketing term, in the phrase, berr (bar) út knöttinn, the ball rolls out, Gísl. 26, cp. p. 110 where it is transit.; berr Gísli ok út knöttinn, vide Vígl. ch. 11, Grett. ch. 17, Vd. ch. 37, Hallfr. S. ch. 2.γ. Skarpheðin (acc.) bar nú at þeim, Sk. came suddenly upon them, Nj. 144; bar at Hróaldi þegar allan skjöldinn, the shield was dashed against H.’s body, 198; ok skyldu sæta honum, ef hann (acc.) bæri þar at, if he should per chance come, shew himself there, Orkn. 406; e-n berr yfir, it bears one, i. e. one is borne onwards, as a bird flying, a man riding; þóttist vita, at hann (acc.) mundi fljótara yfir bera ef hann riði en gengi, that he would get on more fleetly riding than walking, Hrafn. 7; hann (acc.) bar skjótt yfir, he passed quickly, of a flying meteor, Nj. 194; e-n berr undan, escapes.2. also with acc. followed by prepp. við, saman, jafnframt, hjá, of bodies coinciding or covering one another: loc., er jafnframt ber jaðrana tungls ok sólar, if the orb of the moon and sun cover each other, Rb. 34; þat kann vera stundum, at tunglit (acc.) berr jafht á millum vár ok sólar (i. e. in a moon eclipse), 108; ber nokkut jaðar (acc.) þess hjá sólar jaðri, 34; Gunnarr sér at rauðan kyrtil (acc.) bar við glugginn, G. sees that a red kirtle passed before the window, Nj. 114; bar fyrir utan þat skip vápnaburð (acc.) heiðingja (gen. pl.), the missiles of the heathens passed over the ship without hurting them, flew too high, Fms. vii. 232; hvergi bar skugga (acc.) á, nowhere a shadow, all bright, Nj. 118; þangat sem helzt mátti nokkut yfir þá skugga bera af skóginum, where they were shadowed (hidden) by the trees, Fms. x. 239; e-t berr fram (hátt), a body is prominent, Lat. eminet; Ólafr konungr stóð í lyptingunni, bar hann (acc.) hátt mjök, king O. stood out conspicuously, ii. 308; b. yfir, þótti mjök bera hljóð (acc.) þar yfir er Ólafr sat, the sound was heard over there where O. sat, Sturl. i. 21; b. á milli, something comes between; leiti (acc.) bar á milli, a hill hid the prospect, Nj. 263: metaph., e-m berr e-t á milli, they come to dissent, 13, v. 1.; b. fyrir augu (hence fyrirburðr, vision), of a vision or the like; mart (acc.) berr nú fyrir augu mér, ek sé …, many things come now before my eyes, 104; hann mundi allt þat er fyrir hann hafði borit, i. e. all the dream, 195; eina nótt berr fyrir hann í svefni mikla sýn, Fms. i. 137, Rd. 290; veiði (acc.) berr í hendr e-m (a metaphor from hunting), sport falls to one’s lot; hér bæri veiði í hendr nú, here would be a game, Nj. 252; e-t berr undan (a metaphor from fishing, hunting term), when one misses one’s opportunity; vel væri þá … at þá veiði (acc.) bæri eigi undan, that this game should not go amiss, 69; en ef þetta (acc.) berr undan, if this breaks down, 63; hon bað hann þá drepa einhvern manna hans, heldr en allt (acc.) bæri undan, rather than that all should go amiss, Eg. 258: absol., þyki mér illa, ef undan berr, if I miss it, Nj. 155; viljum vér ekki at undan beri at…, we will by no means miss it…, Fms. viii. 309, v. 1. The passage Bs. i. 416 (en fjárhlutr sá er átt hafði Ari, bar undan Guðmundi) is hardly correct, fjárhlut þann would run better, cp. bera undir, as a law term, below.II. adding prepp.; b. við, at, til, at hendi, at móti, til handa …, to befall, happen, Lat. accidere, occurrere, with dat. of the person, (v. atburðr, viðburðr, tilburðr); engi hlut skyldi þann at b., no such thing should happen as…, Fms. xi. 76; svá bar at einn vetr, it befell, x. 201; þat hefir nú víst at hendi borit, er…, Nj. 174; þó þetta vandræði (acc.) hafi nú borit oss (dat.) at hendi, Eg. 7; b. til handa, id., Sks. 327; bar honum svá til, so it befell him, Fms. xi. 425; at honum bæri engan váðaligan hlut til á veginum, that nothing dangerous should befall him on the way, Stj. 212; bæri þat þá svá við, at hann ryfi, it then perchance might happen, that …, 102; þat bar við at Högni kom, 169, 172, 82; raun (acc.) berr á, it is proved by the fact, event, Fms. ix. 474, x. 185.2. temp., e-t berr á, it happens to fall on …; ef þing (acc.) ber á hina helgu viku, if the parliament falls on the holy week (Whitsun), Grág. i. 106; ef Crucis messu (acc.) berr á Drottins dag, Rb. 44; berr hana (viz. Petrs messu, June 29) aldrei svá optarr á öldinni, 78; þat er nú berr oss næst, what has occurred of late, Sturl. iii. 182: b. í móti, to happen exactly at a time; þetta (acc.) bar í móti at þenna sama dag andaðist Brandr biskup, Bs. i. 468; b. saman, id.; bar þat saman, at pá var Gunnarr at segja brennusöguna, just when G. was about telling the story, Nj. 269.3. metaph. of agreement or separation; en þat (acc.) þykir mjök saman b. ok þessi frásögn, Fms. x. 276: with dat., bar öllum sögum vel saman, all the records agreed well together, Nj. 100, v. l.; berr nú enn í sundr með þeim, Bjarna ok Þorkatli at sinni, B. and Th. missed each other, Vápn. 25.4. denoting cause; e-t (acc.) berr til …, causes a thing; ætluðu þat þá allir, at þat mundi til bera, that that was the reason, Nj. 75; at þat beri til skilnaðar okkars, that this will make us to part (divorce), 261; konungr spurði, hvat til bæri úgleði hans, what was the cause of his grief? Fms. vi. 355; þat berr til tunglhlaups, Rb. 32.β. meiri ván at brátt beri þat (acc.) til bóta, at herviliga steypi hans ríki, i. e. there will soon come help (revenge), Fms. x. 264; fjórir eru þeir hlutir er menn (acc.) berr í ætt á landi hér, there are four cases under which people may be adopted, Grág. i. 361.γ. e-t berr undir e-n, falls to a person’s lot; hon á arf at taka þegar er undir hana berr, in her turn, 179; mikla erfð (acc.) bar undir hana, Mar. (Fr.); berr yfir, of surpassing, Bs. ii. 121, 158; b. frá, id. (fráburðr); herðimikill svá at þat (acc.) bar frá því sem aðrir menn, Eg. 305; er sagt, at þat bæri frá hve vel þeir mæltu, it was extraordinary how well they did speak, Jb. 11; bar þat mest frá hversu illa hann var limaðr, but above all, how…, Ó. H. 74.5. with adverbial nouns in a dat. form; e-t berr bráðum, happens of a sudden; berr þetta (acc.) nú allbráðum, Fms. xi. 139; cp. vera bráðum borinn, to be taken by surprise (above); berr stórum, stærrum, it matters a great deal; ætla ek stærrum b. hin lagabrotin (acc.), they are much more important, matter more, vii. 305; var þat góðr kostr, svá at stórum bar, xi. 50; hefir oss orðit svá mikil vanhyggja, at stóru berr, an enormous blunder, Gísl. 51; svá langa leið, at stóru bar, Fas. i. 116; þat berr stórum, hversu mér þóknast vel þeirra athæfi, it amounts to a great deal, my liking their service, i. e. I do greatly like, Fms. ii. 37; eigi berr þat allsmám hversu vel mér líkar, in no small degree do I like, x. 296.β. with dat., it is fitting, becoming; svá mikit sem landeiganda (dat.) berr til at hafa eptir lögum, what he is legally entitled to, Dipl. iii. 10; berr til handa, it falls to one’s lot, v. above, Grág. i. 93.III. answering to Lat. oportet, absolutely or with an adverb, vel, illa, with infinit.; e-m berr, it beseems, becomes one; berr þat ekki né stendr þvílíkum höfuðfeðr, at falsa, Stj. 132; berr yðr (dat.) vel, herra, at sjá sannindi á þessu máli, Fms. ix. 326; sagði, at þat bar eigi Kristnum mönnum, at særa Guð, x. 22; þá siðu at mér beri vel, Sks. 353 B: used absol., berr vel, illa, it is beseeming, proper, fit, unbeseeming, unfit, improper; athæfi þat er vel beri fyrir konungs augliti, 282; þat þykir ok eigi illa bera, at maðr hafi svart skinn til hosna, i. e. it suits pretty well, 301: in case of a pers. pron. in acc. or dat. being added, the sentence becomes personal in order to avoid doubling the impers. sentence, e. g. e-m berr skylda (not skyldu) til, one is bound by duty; veit ek eigi hver skylda (nom.) yðr (acc.) ber til þess at láta jarl einn ráða, Fms. i. 52: also leaving the dat. out, skylda berr til at vera forsjámaðr með honum, vii. 280; eigi berr hér til úviska mín, it is not that I am not knowing, Nj. 135.IV. when the reflex. inflexion is added to the verb, the noun loses its impers. character and is turned from acc. into nom., e. g. þar (þat?) mun hugrinn minn mest hafa fyrir borizt, this is what I suspected, fancied, Lv. 34; cp. hugarburðr, fancy, and e-t berr fyrir e-n (above, C. I. 2); hefir þetta (nom.) vel í móti borizt, a happy coincidence, Nj. 104; ef svá harðliga kann til at berask, if the misfortunes do happen, Gþl. 55; barsk sú úhamingja (nom.) til á Íslandi, that mischief happened (no doubt the passage is thus to be emended), Bs. i. 78, but bar þá úhamingju …; þat (nom.) barsk at, happened, Fms. x. 253; fundir várir (nom.) hafa at borizt nokkurum sinnum, vii. 256; þat barsk at á einhverju sumri, Eg. 154; bærist at um síðir at allr þingheimrinn berðist, 765, cp. berast við, berask fyrir above (B. V.): berast, absol., means to be shaken, knocked about; var þess ván, at fylkingar mundu berast í hergöngunni, that they would be brought into some confusion, Fms. v. 74; Hrólfr gékk at ramliga, ok barst Atli (was shaken, gave away) fyrir orku sakir, þar til er hann féll. Fas. iii. 253; barst Jökull allr fyrir orku sakir (of two wrestling), Ísl. ii. 467, Fms. iii. 189: vide B. IV.D. In mod. usage the strong bera—bar is also used in impersonal phrases, denoting to let a thing be seen, shew, but almost always with a negative preceding, e. g. ekki bar (ber) á því, it could ( can) not be seen; að á engu bæri, láta ekki á bera ( to keep tight), etc. All these phrases are no doubt alterations from the weak verb bera, að, nudare, and never occur in old writers; we have not met with any instance previous to the Reformation; the use is certainly of late date, and affords a rare instance of weak verbs turning into strong; the reverse is more freq. the case. -
6 FARA
go* * *(fer; fór, fórum; farinn), v.1) to move, pass along, go;gekk hann hvargi sem hann fór, he walked wherever he went;fara heim (heiman), to go home (from home);fara á fund e-s to visit one;fjöld ek fór, I travelled much;hann sagði, hversu orð fóru með þeim, what words passed between them;absol., to go begging (ómagar, er þar eigu at fara í því þingi);2) with ‘ferð, leið’ or the like added in acc., gen., or dat.;fara leiðar sinnar, to go one’s way, proceed on one’s journey (= fara ferðar sinnar or ferða sinna, fara ferð sina, fara för sina, förum sínum);fara þessa ferð, to make this journey;fara fullum dagleiðum, to travel a full days journeys;fara stefnuför, to go a-summoning;fara bónorðsför, to go a-wooing;fara sigrför, to go on the path of victory, to triumph;fara góða för, to make a lucky journey;fig., fara ósigr, to be defeated;fara mikinn skaða, to suffer great damage;fara hneykju, skömm, to incur disgrace;fara erendleysu, to fail in one’s errand;with the road in acc. (fara fjöll ok dala);3) fara búðum, bygðum, vistum, to move, change one’s abode;fara eldi ok arni, to move one’s hearth and fire;4) fara einn saman, to go alone;fara eigi ein saman, to go with child (= fara með barni);5) with infin.;fara sofa, to go to sleep (allir menn vóru sofa farnir);fara vega, to go to fight;fara leita, to go seeking (var leita farit);6) with an a., etc.;fara villr, to go astray;fara haltr, to walk lame;fara vanstiltr, to go out of one’s mind;fara duldr e-s, to be unaware of;fara andvígr e-m, to give battle;fara leyniliga (leynt), to be kept secret;eigi má þetta svá fara, this cannot go on in that way;fjarri ferr þat, far from it, by no means;fór þat fjarri, at ek vilda, I was far from desiring it;7) to turn out, end;fór þat sem líkligt var, it turned out as was likely (viz. ended ill);svá fór, at, the end was, that;ef svá ferr sem ek get til, if it turns out as I guess;á sómu leið fór um aðra sendimenn, it went the same way with the other messengers;8) to fare well, ill;biðja e-n vel fara, to bid one farewell;9) to suit, fit, esp. of clothes, hair (ekki þykkir mér kyrtill þinn fara betr en stakkr minn; hárit fór vel);impers., fór illa á hestinum, it sat ill on the horse;10) impers., e-m ferr vel, illa, one behaves or acts well, ill;honum hafa öll málin verst farit, he has behaved worst in the whole matter;e-m ferr vinveittliga, one behaves in a friendly way;11) fara e-t höndum, to touch with the hands, esp. of a healing touch, = fara höndum um e-t (bið hann fara höndum meinit);fara land herskildi, brandi, to visit a land with ‘warshield’, with fire, to ravage or devastate it (gekk síðan á land upp með liði sínu ok fór alit herskildi);12) to overtake (Án hrísmagi var þeirra skjótastr ok gat farit sveininn);tunglit ferr sólina, the moon overtakes the sun;áðr hana Fenrir fari, before F. overtakes her;13) to ill-treat, treat cruelly;menn sá ek þá, er mjök höfðu hungri farit hörund, that had chastened their flesh with much fasting;14) to put an end to, destroy;fara sér (sjálfr), to kill oneself;fara lífi (fjörvi) e-s, to deprive one of life;þú hefir sigr vegit ok Fáfni (dat.) um farit, killed F.;15) to forfeit (fara löndum ok lausafé);16) refl., farast;17) with preps. and advs.:fara af klæðum, to take off one’s clothes;fara at e-m, to make an attack upon, to assault (eigi mundi í annat sinn vænna at fara at jarlinum);fara at e-u, to mind, pay heed to;ekki fer ek at, þótt þú hafir svelt þik til fjár (it does not matter to me, I do not care, though);to deal with a thing, proceed in a certain way;svá skal at sókn fara, thus is the pleading to be proceeded with;fara at lögum, úlögum, to proceed lawfully, unlawfully;fara mjúkliga at, to proceed gently;hér skulu við fara at með ráðum, act with, deliberation;impers. with dat., to do, behave;illa hefir mér at farit, I have done my business badly; to go in pusuit (search) of (víkingar nökkurir þeir sem fóru at féföngum);fara at fuglaveiðum, to go a-fowling;fara at fé, to tend sheep;fara á e-n, to come upon one;sigu saman augu, þá er dauðinn fór á, when death seized him;fara á hæl or hæli, to step back, retreat;fara eptir e-m, to follow one;fara eptir e-u, to go for, go to fetch (Snorri goði fór eptir líkinu; fara eptir vatni); to accommodate oneself to, conform to (engi vildi eptir öðrum fara);þau orð er eptir fara, the following words;fara fram, to go on, take place;ef eigi ferr gjald fram, if no payment takes place;veizlan ferr vel fram, the feast went on well;spyrr, hvat þar fœri fram, he asked, what was going on there;fara fram ráðum e-s, to follow one’s advice;allt mun þat sínu fram fara, it will take its own course;kváðu þat engu gegna ok fóru sínu fram, took their own way;segir honum, hversu þeir fóru fram, how they acted;fara e-t fram, to do., perform a thing;spyrr hann, hvat nú sé fram faranda, what is to be done;fara fyrir e-t, to pass for, be taken for (fari sá fyrir níðing, er);fara hjá sér, to be beside oneself;fara í e-t, to go into (fara í tunnu);fara í sæng, rekkju, to go to bed;fara í sess sinn, sæti sitt, to take one’s seat;fara í klæði, to put on clothes, dress;fara í vápn, brynju, to put on armour;fara í lag, to go right or straight again (þá fóru brýnn hans í lag);fara í vöxt, to increase;fara í þurð, to wane;fara í hernað, víking, to go a-freebooting;nú ferr í úvænt efni, now matters look hopeless;to happen, occur (alit þat, er í hafði farit um nóttina);fara með e-t, to wield handle, manage;fór Hroptr með Gungni, H. wielded (the spear) Gungnir;fara með goðorð, to hold a goðorð;fara með sök, to manage a lawsuit;to practice, deal in;fara með rán, to deal in robbery;fara með spott ok háð, to go scoffing and mocking;fara með galdra ok fjölkyngi, to practice sorcery;to deal with, treat, handle (þú munt bezt ok hógligast með hann fara);fara af hljóði með e-t, to keep matters secret;fara með e-m, to go with one, follow one (ek skal með yðr fara með allan minn styrk);fara með e-u, to do (so and so) with a thing, to deal with, manage;hvernig þeir skyldu fara með vápnum sínum, what they were to do with their weapons;sá maðr, er með arfinum ferr, who manages the inheritance;fara með málum sínum, to manage one’s case;fara vel með sínum háttum, to bear oneself well;undarliga fara munkar þessir með sér, these monks behave strangely;fara með barni, to go with child;impers., ferr með þeim heldr fáliga, they are on indifferent terms;fara ór landi, to leave the country;fara ór klæðum, fötum, to take off one’s clothes, undress;fara saman, to go together; to shake, shudder;fór en forna fold öll saman, shivered all through;to concur, agree (hversu má þat saman f);fara til svefns, to go to sleep (= fara at sofa);fara um e-t, to travel over (fara um fjall);fara höndum um e-n, to stroke or touch one with the hands (hann fór höndum um þá, er sjúkir vóru);fara mörgum orðum um e-t, to dilate upon a subject;fara myrkt um e-t, to keep a matter dark;fara undan, to excuse oneself (from doing a thing), to decline, refuse (hvat berr til, at þú ferr undan at gera mér veizluna);borð fara upp, the tables are removed;fara út, to go from Norway to Iceland; to come to a close, run out (fóru svá út þessir fimm vetr);fara útan, to go abroad (from Iceland);fara við e-n, to treat one, deal with one in a certain way;margs á, ek minnast, hve við mik fóruð, I have many things to remember of your dealings with me;fara yfir e-t, to go through;nú er yfir farit um landnám, now an account of the settlements has been given;skjótt yfir at fara, to be brief.* * *pret. fóra, 2nd pers. fórt, mod. fórst, pl. fóru; pres. ferr, 2nd pers. ferr, in mod. pronunciation ferð; pret. subj. færa; imperat. far and farðu (= far þú); sup. farit; part. farinn; with the suffixed neg. fór-a, Am. 45; farið-a ( depart not), Hkr. i. 115 MS. (in a verse). [In the Icel. scarcely any other verb is in so freq. use as fara, as it denotes any motion; not so in other Teut. idioms; in Ulf. faran is only used once, viz. Luke x. 7; Goth. farjan means to sail, and this seems to be the original sense of fara (vide far); A. S. faran; the Germ. fahren and Engl. fare are used in a limited sense; in the Engl. Bible this word never occurs (Cruden); Swed. fara; Dan. fare.]A. NEUT. to go, fare, travel, in the widest sense; gékk hann hvargi sem hann fór, he walked wherever he went, Hkr. i. 100; né ek flý þó ek ferr, I fly not though I fare, Edda (in a verse); létt er lauss at fara (a proverb), Sl. 37: the saying, verðr hverr með sjálfum sér lengst at fara, Gísl. 25; cp. ‘dass von sich selbst der Mensch nicht scheiden kann’ (Göthe’s Tasso), or the Lat. ‘patriae quis exul se quoque fugit?’ usually in the sense to go, to depart, heill þú farir, heill þú aptr komir, Vþm. 4; but also to come, far þú hingat til mín, come here, Nj. 2.2. to travel, go forth or through, pass, or the like; þú skalt fara í Kirkjubæ, Nj. 74; fara ór landi, to fare forth from one’s country, Fms. v. 24; kjóll ferr austan, Vsp. 51; Surtr ferr sunnan, 52; snjór var mikill, ok íllt at fara, and ill to pass, Fms. ix. 491; fóru þeir út eptir ánni, Eg. 81; siðan fór Egill fram með skóginum, 531; þeim sem hann vildi at færi … Njáll hét at fara, Nj. 49; fara munu vér, Eg. 579; Egill fór til þess er hann kom til Álfs. 577, Fms. xi. 122; fara þeir nú af melinum á sléttuna. Eg. 747; fara heiman, to fare forth from one’s home, K. Þ. K. 6; alls mik fara tíðir, Vþm. 1; fjölð ek fór, far I fared, i. e. travelled far, 3: the phrase, fara utan, to fare outwards, go abroad (from Iceland), passim; fara vestr um haf, to fare westward over the sea, i. e. to the British Isles, Hkr. i. 101; fara á fund e-s, to visit one, Ld. 62; fara at heimboði, to go to a feast, id.; fara fæti, to fare a-foot, go walking, Hkr.; absol. fara, to travel, beg, hence föru-maðr, a vagrant, beggar; in olden times the poor went their rounds from house to house within a certain district, cp. Grág. i. 85; ómagar er þar eigu at fara í því þingi eðr um þau þing, id.; ómagar skolu fara, 119; omegð þá er þar ferr, 296: in mod. usage, fara um and um-ferð, begging, going round.β. with prep.: fara at e-m, to make an inroad upon one, Nj. 93, 94, 102 (cp. at-för); fara á e-n, to mount, e. g. fara á bak, to mount on horseback; metaph., dauðinn fór á, death seized him, Fms. xi. 150; f. saman, to go together, Edda 121, Grág. ii. 256; f. saman also means to shudder. Germ. zusammenfahren, Hým. 24: metaph. to concur, agree, hversu má þat saman f., Nj. 192; þeim þótti þat mjök saman f., Fms. iv. 382; fara á hæl, or á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. step back. retreat, xi. 278, Eg. 296; fara undan, metaph. to excuse oneself, refuse (v. undan), Nj. 23, Fms. x. 227; fara fyrir, to proceed; fara eptir, to follow.3. with ferð, leið or the like added, in acc. or gen. to go one’s way; fara leiðar sinnar, to proceed on one’s journey, Eg. 81, 477, Fms. i. 10, Grág. ii. 119; fara ferðar sinnar, or ferða sinna, id.. Eg. 180, Fms. iv. 125; fara derð sina, id.. Eg. 568; fara förum sínum, or för sinní, id., K. Þ. K. 80, 90; fara dagfari ok náttfari, to travel day and night, Fms. i. 203; fara fullum dagleiðum, to go full days-journeys, Grág. i. 91; or in a more special sense, fara þessa ferð, to make this journey, Fas. ii. 117; f. stefnu-för, to go a-summoning; f. bónorðs-för, to go a-courting, Nj. 148; f. sigr-för, to go on the way of victory, to triumph, Eg. 21; fara sendi-för, to go on a message, 540.β. in a metaph. sense; fara hneykju-för, to be shamefully beaten, Hrafn. 19 (MS.); fara ósigr, to be defeated, Eg. 287; fara mikinn skaða, to ‘fare’ (i. e. suffer) great damage, Karl. 43; fara því verrum förum, fara skömm, hneykju, erendleysu, úsæmð, to get the worst of it, Fms. viii. 125.4. with the road in acc.; hann fór Vánar-skarð, Landn. 226; f. sjó-veg, land-veg, K. Þ. K. 24; fór mörg lönd ok stórar merkr, Fas. ii. 540; fara sömu leið, Fms. i. 70; f. sama veg, Luke x. 31; f. fjöll ok dala, Barl. 104; fara út-leið, þjóð-leið, Fms. iv. 260; also, fara um veg, fara um fjall, to cross a fell, Hm. 3; fara liði, to march, Fms. i. 110.II. in a more indefinite sense, to go; fara búðum, bygðum, vistum, to move, change one’s abode, Ld. 56, Hkr. ii. 177, Nj. 151, Vigl. 30; fara búferla, to more one’s household, Grág. ii. 409; fara vöflunarförum, to go a-begging, i. 163, 294, ii. 482.2. the phrases, fara eldi ok arni, a law term, to move one’s hearth and fire. Grág. ii. 253; fara eldi um land, a heathen rite for taking possession of land, defined in Landn. 276. cp. Eb. 8, Landn. 189, 284.3. fara einn-saman, to be alone. Grág. ii. 9; the phrase, f. eigi einn-saman, to be not alone, i. e. with child, Fms. iii. 109; or, fór hón með svein þann, Bs. i. 437; cp. ganga með barni.4. adding an adj., to denote gait, pace, or the like; fara snúðigt, to stride haughtily, Nj. 100; fara mikinn, to rush on, 143; fara flatt, to fall flat, tumble, Bárð. 177; fara hægt, to walk slowly.β. fara til svefns, to go to sleep, Nj. 35; f. í sæti sitt, to go to one’s seat, 129; f. í sess, Vþm. 9; f. á bekk, 19; fara á sæng, to go to bed, N. G. L. i. 30; fara í rúmið, id. (mod.); fara í mannjöfnuð, Ísl. ii. 214; fara í lag, to be put straight, Eg. 306; fara í vöxt, to wax, increase, Fms. ix. 430, Al. 141; fara í þurð, to wane, Ld. 122, l. 1 (MS.); fara í úefni, to go to the wrong side, Sturl. iii. 210; fara at skakka, to be odd ( not even). Sturl. ii. 258; fara at sölum, to be put out for sale, Grág. ii. 204.5. fara at fuglum, to go a-fowling, Orkn. (in a verse); fara at fugla-veiðum, id., Bb. 3. 36; fara í hernað, í víking, to go a-freebooting, Fms. i. 33, Landn. 31; fara at fé, to watch sheep, Ld. 240; fara at fé-föngum, to go a-fetching booty, Fms. vii. 78.β. with infin., denoting one’s ‘doing’ or ‘being;’ fara sofa, to go to sleep, Eg. 377; fara vega, to go to fight, Vsp. 54, Gm. 23; fara at róa, Vígl. 22; fara leita, to go seeking, Fms. x. 240; fara að búa, to set up a household, Bb. 2. 6; fara að hátta, to go to bed.γ. akin to this is the mod. use of fara with an infin. following in the sense to begin, as in the East Angl. counties of Engl. it ‘fares’ to …, i. e. it begins, is likely to be or to do so and so; það fer að birta, það er farit að dimma, it ‘fares’ to grow dark; það fer að hvessa, it ‘fares’ to blow; fer að rigna, it ‘fares’ to rain. etc.:—no instance of this usage is recorded in old Icel., but the Engl. usage shews that it must be old.δ. with an adj. etc.; fara villr, to go astray, Sks. 565; fara haltr, to go lame, Fms. x. 420; fara vanstiltr, to go out of one’s mind, 264; fara hjá sér, to be beside oneself, Eb. 270; fara apr, to feel chilly, Fms. vi. 237 (in a verse); fara duldr e-s, to be unaware of, Skálda 187 (in a verse); fara andvígr e-m, to give battle, Stor. 8; fara leyniliga, to go secretly, be kept hidden, Nj. 49.6. to pass; fór sú skipan til Íslands, Fms. x. 23; fara þessi mál til þings, Nj. 100; hversu orð fóru með þeim, how words passed between them, 90; fóru þau orð um, the runner went abroad, Fms. i. 12; ferr orð er um munn líðr (a saying), iv. 279; þá fór ferligt úorðan, a bad report went abroad, Hom. 115.7. fara fram, to go on, take place; ferr þetta fram, Ld. 258; ef eigi ferr gjald fram, if no payment takes place, K. Þ. K. 64; ferr svá fram, and so things went on without a break, Nj. 11, Eg. 711; veizlan ferr vel fram, the feast went on well, Nj. 11, 51; spyrr hvat þar færi fram, he asked what there was going on. Band. 17; fór allt á sömu leið sem fyrr, it went on all the same as before, Fms. iv. 112; fara fram ráðum e-s, to follow one’s advice, Nj. 5, 66, Fms. vii. 318; allt mun þat sínu fram f., it will take its own course, Nj. 259; nú er því ferr fram um hríð, it went on so for a while, Fms. xi. 108; a law term, to be produced, gögn fara fram til varnar, Grág. i. 65; dómar fara út, the court is set (vide dómr), Grág., Nj., passim.8. borð fara upp brott, the tables are removed (vide borð), Eg. 247, 551; eigi má þetta svá f., this cannot go on in that way, Nj. 87; fjarri ferr þat, far from it, by no means, 134; fór þat fjarri at ek vilda, Ld. 12; fór þat ok svá til, and so if came to pass, Fms. x. 212.9. to turn out, end; hversu ætlar þú fara hesta-atið, Nj. 90; fór þat sem likligt var, it turned out as was likely (i. e. ended ill). Eg. 46; svá fór, at …, the end was, that …, Grett. 81 new Ed.; ef svá ferr sem ek get til, if it turns out as I guess, Dropl. 30, Vígl. 21; ef svá ferr sem mín orð horfa til, Fms. v. 24; ef svá ferr sem mik varir, if it comes to pass as it seems to me, vi. 350; svá fór um sjóferð þá, Bjarni 202; á sömu leið fór um aðra sendi-menn, Eg. 537; to depart, die, þar fór nýtr maðr, Fs. 39; fara danða-yrði, to pass the death-weird, to die, Ýt. 8.10. to fare well, ill, in addressing; fari þér vel, fare ye well, Nj. 7; biðja e-n vel fara, to bid one farewell, Eg. 22, Ld. 62; far heill ok sæll, Fms. vii. 197: in a bad sense, far þú nú þar, ill betide thee! Hbl. 60; far (impers.) manna armastr, Eg. 553; Jökull bað hann fara bræla armastan, Finnb. 306; fari þér í svá gramendr allir, Dropl. 23.11. fara í fat, í brynju (acc.), etc., to dress, undress; but fara ór fötum (dat.), to undress, Fms. x. 16, xi. 132, vii. 202, Nj. 143, Gh. 16, etc.III. metaph.,1. to suit, fit, esp. of clothes, hair, or the like; ekki þykkir mér kyrtill þinn fara betr en stakkr minn, Fas. ii. 343; hárið fór vel, Nj. 30; jarpr á hár ok fór vel hárit, Fms. ii. 7; gult hár sem silki ok fór fagrliga, vi. 438, Fs. 88; klæði sem bezt farandi, Eb. 256; var sú konan bezt f., the most graceful, lady-like, Ísl. ii. 438; fór ílla á hestinum, it sat ill on the horse, Bs. i. 712.2. impers. it goes so and so with one, i. e. one behaves so and so: e-m ferr vel, ílla, etc., one behaves well, ill, etc.; honum hafa öll málin verst farit, he has behaved worst in the whole matter, Nj. 210; bezta ferr þér, Fms. vii. 33; vel mun þér fara, Nj. 55; at honum fari vel, 64; þer hefir vel farit til mín, Finnb. 238; e-m ferr vinveittliga, one behaves in a friendly way, Nj. 217; ferr þér þá bezt jafnan ok höfðinglegast er mest liggr við, 228; mun honum nokkurn veg vel f., Hrafn. 10; údrengiliga hefir þér farit til vár, Ld. 48; ferr þér illa, Nj. 57; hversu Gunnari fór, how ( well) G. behaved, 119.3. fara at e-u, to deal with a thing (i. e. proceed) so and so; svá skal at sókn fara, thus is the pleading to be proceeded with, Grág. i. 323; svá skal at því f. at beiða …, 7; fara at lögum, or úlögum at e-u, to proceed lawfully or unlawfully, 126; hversu at skyldi f., how they were to proceed, Nj. 114; fara mjúklega at, to proceed gently, Fms. vii. 18; hér skulu vér f. at með ráðum, to act with deliberation, Eg. 582; Flosi fór at öngu óðara ( took matters calmly), en hann væri heima, Nj. 220.β. impers. with dat., to do, behave; ílla hefir mér at farit, I have done my business badly, Hrafn. 8; veit Guð hversu hverjum manni mun at f., Fms. x. 212: in mod. phrases, to become, ironically, þér ferr það, or þér ferst það, it becomes thee, i. e. ‘tis too bad of thee.γ. hví ferr konungrinn nú svá (viz. at), Fms. i. 35; er slíkt úsæmiliga farit, so shamefully done, Nj. 82; hér ferr vænt at, here things go merrily, 232; karlmannliga er farit, manfully done, 144.δ. to mind, care about; ekki ferr ek at, þótt þú hafir svelt þik til fjár, it does not matter to me, I do not care, though …, Nj. 18; ekki munu vit at því fara ( never mind that), segir Helgi, 133.ε. fara eptir, to be in proportion; hér eptir fór vöxtr ok afl, his strength and stature were in proportion, Clar.4. fara með e-t, to wield, handle, manage; fór Hroptr með Gungni, H. wielded Gungni ( the spear), Kormak; f. með Gríðar-völ, to wield the staff G., Þd. 9: as a law term, to wield, possess; fara með goðorð, to keep a goðorð, esp. during the session of parliament, Dropl. 8, Grág. and Nj. passim; fara með sök, to manage a lawsuit, Grág., Nj.; or, fara við sök, id., Nj. 86.β. metaph. to practise, deal in; fara með rán, to deal in robbing, Nj. 73; fara með spott ok háð, to go sporting and mocking, 66; f. með fals ok dár, Pass. 16. 5; fara með galdra ok fjölkyngi, K. Þ. K. 76; f. með hindr-vitni, Grett. 111; cp. the phrase, farðu ekki með það, don’t talk such nonsense.γ. to deal with, treat, handle; þú munt bezt ok hógligast með hann fara, thou wilt deal with him most kindly and most gently, Nj. 219; fara af hljóði með e-t, to keep matters secret, id.; Ingimundr fór vel með sögum (better than sögur, acc.), Ing. dealt well with stories, was a good historian. Sturl. i. 9.δ. with dat.; fara með e-u, to do so and so with a thing, manage it; hversu þeir skyldi fara með vápnum sínum, how they were to do with their weapons, Fms. ix. 509; sá maðr er með arfinum ferr, who manages the arfr, Grág. i. 217; ef þeir fara annan veg með því fé, 216; fara með málum sínum, to manage one’s case, 46; meðan hann ferr svá með sem mælt er, 93; Gunnarr fór með öllu ( acted in all) sem honum var ráð til kennt, Nj. 100; ef svá er með farit, Ld. 152; f. vel með sínum háttum, to bear oneself well, behave well, Eg. 65; Hrafn fór með sér vel, H. bore himself well, Fms. vi. 109; undarliga fara munkar þessir með sér, they behave strangely, 188; við förum kynlega með okkrum málum, Nj. 130; vant þyki mér með slíku at fara, difficult matters to have to do with, 75; f. málum á hendr e-m, to bring an action against one, Ld. 138; fara sókn ( to proceed) sem at þingadómi, Grág. i. 463; fara svá öllu máli um sem …, 40, ii. 348; fara með hlátri ok gapi, to go laughing and scoffing, Nj. 220; cp. β above.IV. fara um, yfir e-t, to pass over slightly; nú er yfir farit um landnám, shortly told, touched upon, Landn. 320; skjótt yfir at f., to be brief, 656 A. 12; fara myrkt um e-t, to mystify a thing, Ld. 322; fara mörgum orðum um e-t, to dilate upon a subject, Fbr. 124, Nj. 248, Fms. ix. 264.β. in the phrase, fara höndum um e-t, to go with the hands about a thing, to touch it, Germ. befühlen, esp. medic. of a healing touch; jafnan fengu menn heilsubót af handlögum hans, af því er hann fór höndum um þá er sjúkir vóru, Játv. 24; ok pá fór hann höndum um hann, Bs. i. 644; þá lét Arnoddr fara aðra höndina um hann, ok fann at hann var berfættr ok í línklæðum. Dropl. 30; cp. fóru hendr hvítar hennar um þessar görvar, Fas. i. 248 (in a verse): note the curious mod. phrase, það fer að fara um mig, I began to feel uneasy, as from a cold touch or the like.γ. impers. with dat.; eigi ferr þér nær Gunnari, en Merði mundi við þik, thou camest not nearer to G. than Mord would to thee, i. e. thou art just as far from being a match for G. as Mord is to thee, Nj. 37; þá ferr honum sem öðrum, it came to pass with him as with others, 172; þá mun mér first um fara, I shall fall much short of that, Fms. vi. 362; því betr er þeim ferr öllum verr at, the worse they fare the better I am pleased, Nj. 217.V. reflex., esp. of a journey, to fare well; fórsk þeim vel, they fared well, Eg. 392, Fms. xi. 22; honum fersk vel vegrinn, he proceeded well on his journey, ii. 81; hafði allt farizt vel at, all had fared well, they had had a prosperous journey, Íb. 10; fórsk þeim þá seint um daginn, they proceeded slowly, Eg. 544; mönnum fórsk eigi vel um fenit, Fms. vii. 149; hversu þeim hafði farizk, Nj. 90; at þeim færisk vel, Ísl. ii. 343, 208, v. l.: the phrase, hamri fórsk í hægri hönd, he grasped the hammer in his right hand, Bragi; farask lönd undir, to subdue lands, Hkr. i. 134, v. l. (in a verse).2. recipr., farask hjá, to go beside one another, miss one another, pass without meeting, Nj. 9; farask á mis, id., farask í móti, to march against one another, of two hosts; þat bar svá til at hvárigir vissu til annarra ok fórusk þó í móti, Fms. viii. 63, x. 46, Fas. ii. 515.VI. part.,1. act., koma farandi, to come of a sudden or by chance; þá kómu hjarðsveinar þar at farandi, some shepherds just came, Eg. 380; Moses kom farandi til fólksins, Sks. 574; koma inn farandi, 369, Fbr. 25.2. pass. farinn, in the phrase, á förnum vegi, on ‘wayfaring,’ i. e. in travelling, passing by; finna e-n á förnum vegi, Nj. 258, K. Þ. K. 6; kveðja fjárins á förnum vegi, Grág. i. 403; also, fara um farinn veg, to pass on one’s journey; of the sun. sól var skamt farin, the sun was little advanced, i. e. early in the morning, Fms. xi. 267, viii. 146; þá var dagr alljós ok sól farin, broad day and sun high in the sky, Eg. 219; also impers., sól (dat.) var skamt farit, Úlf. 4. 10: the phrase, aldri farinn, stricken in years, Sturl. i. 212; vel farinn í andliti, well-favoured, Ld. 274; vel at orði farinn, well spoken, eloquent, Fms. xi. 193; mod., vel orði, máli farinn, and so Ld. 122; gone, þar eru baugar farnir, Grág. ii. 172; þó fætrnir sé farnir, Fas. iii. 308.β. impers. in the phrase, e-m er þannig farit, one is so and so; veðri var þannig farit, at …, the winter was such, that …, Fms. xi. 34; veðri var svá farit at myrkt var um at litask, i. e. the weather was gloomy, Grett. 111; hversu landinu er farit, what is the condition of the country, Sks. 181; henni er þannig farit, at hón er mikil ey, löng …, ( the island) is so shapen, that it is large and long, Hkr. ii. 188; er eigi einn veg farit úgæfu okkari, our ill-luck is not of one piece, Nj. 183: metaph. of state, disposition, character, er hánum vel farit, he is a well-favoured man, 15; undarliga er yðr farit, ye are strange men, 154; honum var svá farit, at hann var vesal-menni, Boll. 352: adding the prepp. at, til, þeim var úlíkt farit at í mörgu, they were at variance in many respects, Hkr. iii. 97; nú er annan veg til farit, now matters are altered, Nj. 226; nú er svá til farit, at ek vil …, now the case is, that I wish …, Eg. 714; hér er þannig til farit, … at leiðin, 582; þar var þannig til farit, Fms. xi. 34. ☞ Hence comes the mod. form varið (v instead of f), which also occurs in MSS. of the 15th century—veðri var svá varit, Sd. 181; ér honum vel varið, Lv. 80, Ld. 266, v. l.; svá er til varið, Sks. 223, 224,—all of them paper MSS. The phrase, e-m er nær farit, one is pressed; svá var honum nær farit af öllu samt, vökum ok föstu, he was nearly overcome from want of sleep and fasting.B. TRANS.I. with acc.:1. to visit; fara land herskildi, brandi, etc., to visit a land with ‘war-shield,’ fire, etc., i. e. devastate it; gékk siðan á land upp með liði sínu, ok fór allt herskildi, Fms. i. 131; land þetta mundi herskildi farit, ok leggjask undir útlenda höfðingja, iv. 357; (hann) lét Halland farit brandi, vii. 4 (in a verse); hann fór lvist eldi, 41 (in a verse); hann hefir farit öll eylönd brandi, 46 (in a verse); fara hungri hörund, to emaciate the body, of an ascetic, Sl. 71.2. to overtake, with acc.; hann gat ekki farit hann, he could not overtake ( catch) him, 623. 17; tunglit ferr sólina, the moon overtakes the sun, Rb. 116; áðr hana Fenrir fari, before Fenrir overtakes her, Vþm. 46, 47; knegut oss fálur fara, ye witches cannot take us, Hkv. Hjörv. 13; hann gat farit fjóra menn af liði Steinólfs, ok drap þá alla, … hann gat farit þá hjá Steinólfsdal, Gullþ. 29; hann reið eptir þeim, ok gat farit þá út hjá Svelgsá, milli ok Hóla, Eb. 180; Án hrísmagi var þeirra skjótastr ok getr farit sveininn, Ld. 242; viku þeir þá enn undan sem skjótast svá at Danir gátu eigi farit þá, Fms. (Knytl. S.) xi. 377 (MS., in the Ed. wrongly altered to náð þeim); hérinn hljóp undan, ok gátu hundarnir ekki farit hann (Ed. fráit wrongly), Fas. iii. 374; ok renna allir eptir þeim manni er víg vakti, … ok verðr hann farinn, Gþl. 146: cp. the phrase, vera farinn, to dwell, live, to be found here and there; þótt hann sé firr um farinn, Hm. 33.II. with dat. to destroy, make to perish; f. sér, to make away with oneself; kona hans fór sér í dísar-sal, she killed herself, Fas. i. 527; hón varð stygg ok vildi fara sér, Landn. (Hb.) 55; ef þér gangit fyrir hamra ofan ok farit yðr sjálfir, Fms. viii. 53; hví ætla menn at hann mundi vilja f. sér sjálfr, iii. 59; fara lífi, fjörvi, öndu, id.; skal hann heldr eta, en fara öndu sinni, than starve oneself to death, K. Þ. K. 130; ok verðr þá þínu fjörvi um farit, Lv. 57, Ýt. 20, Fas. i. 426 (in a verse), cp. Hkv. Hjörv. 13; mínu fjörvi at fara, Fm. 5; þú hefir sigr vegit, ok Fáfni (dat.) um farit, 23; farit hafði hann allri ætt Geirmímis, Hkv. 1. 14; ok létu hans fjörvi farit, Sól. 22; hann hafði farit mörgum manni, O. H. L. 11.β. to forfeit; fara sýknu sinni, Grág. i. 98; fara löndum ok lausafé, ii. 167.2. reflex. to perish (but esp. freq. in the sense to be drowned, perish in the sea); farask af sulti, to die of hunger, Fms. ii. 226; fellr fjöldi manns í díkit ok farask þar, v. 281; fórusk sex hundruð Vinda skipa, xi. 369; alls fórusk níu menn, Ísl. ii. 385; mun heimr farask, Eluc. 43; þá er himin ok jörð hefir farisk, Edda 12; farask af hita, mæði, Fms. ix. 47; fórsk þar byrðingrinn, 307; hvar þess er menn farask, Grág. i. 219; heldr enn at fólk Guðs farisk af mínum völdum, Sks. 732: of cattle, ef fé hins hefir troðisk eðr farisk á þá lund sem nú var tínt, Grág. ii. 286.β. metaph., fersk nú vinátta ykkur, your friendship is done with, Band. 12.γ. the phrase, farask fyrir, to come to naught, Nj. 131; at síðr mun fyrir farask nokkut stórræði, Ísl. ii. 340; en fyrir fórusk málagjöldin af konungi, the payment never took place, Fms. v. 278; lét ek þetta verk fyrir farask, vii. 158; þá mun þat fyrir farask, Fs. 20; en fyrir fórsk þat þó þau misseri, Sd. 150: in mod. usage (N. T.), to perish.δ. in act. rarely, and perhaps only a misspelling: frá því er féit fór (fórsk better), K. Þ. K. 132; fóru (better fórusk, were drowned) margir Íslenzkir menn, Bs. i. 436.3. part. farinn, as adj. gone, undone; nú eru vér farnir, nema …, Lv. 83; hans tafl var mjök svá farit, his game was almost lost, Fas. i. 523; þá er farnir vóru forstöðumenn Tróju, when the defenders of Troy were dead and gone, Ver. 36; tungl farit, a ‘dead moon,’ i. e. new moon, Rb. 34; farinn af sulti ok mæði, Fms. viii. 53; farinn at e-u, ruined in a thing, having lost it; farnir at hamingju, luckless, iv. 73; f. at vistum, xi. 33; f. at lausa-fé;. iii. 117: in some cases uncertain whether the participle does not belong to A. -
7 נפש
נֶפֶשf. (b. h.; preced. wds.) 1) resting place, esp. a structure next to or over a tomb. Ohol. VII, 1 נ׳ אטומה a solid tomb-structure (to which there is no access). Shek. II, 5 מותר המת בונין לו נ׳וכ׳ from what is left over of the appropriation for funeral expenses, we build a monument ; (Gen. R. s. 82 בַּיִת). Tosef.Erub.VI (V), 4, sq.; Erub.55b (contrad. to קבר).Pl. נְפָשוֹת. Ib. V, 1 נ׳ sepulchres (containing a place of shelter). Y.Shek.II, 47a top; Gen. R. l. c. אין עושין נ׳וכ׳ no monuments need be put up for the righteous, v. זִכָּרוֹן. Tosef.Ohol.XVII, 4 חוקת נ׳ שבא״יוכ׳ the presumption in the case of sepulchres in Palestine is that they are levitically clean, except those marked. 2) soul, life; person; will, desire, disposition. B. Mets.IV, 6 שאינו אלא נ׳ רעה for it (the refusal of a coin on the ground of a slight abrasion) proves merely a malevolent soul (illiberality in dealing); ib. 52b, v. קְהֵי. Gen. R. s. 14 (names of the soul) נ׳ רוחוכ׳. Ib. נ׳ זו הדם nefesh means blood (life). Ib. (ref. to Gen. 2:7, a. 7:22) כאן הוא עושה נשמה נ׳וכ׳ here the text calls the soul ( נשמה) nefesh, and there, ruaḥ (spirit); ib. s. 32.Snh.IV, 5 נ׳ אחת one (persons) life. Y.Taan.III, beg.66b מכיון שנתנוב״ד נַפְשָׁןוכ׳ as soon as the court has declared its will to do a thing. Nidd.65b, a. fr. בעל נ׳ one who is master over his desire, a conscientious man.Ber.44b כל נ׳ משיב את הנ׳ all life (animal food) restores life; וכל קרוב לנ׳וכ׳ and what is nearest life (the neck which contains the jugular vein) Y.Keth.V, 30b top דברים שהן קיום נ׳ things required for sustaining life. Yoma 74b אבידת נ׳, v. אֲבֵירָה; a. v. fr.דחה נ׳, v. דָּחָה.Sifra Mtsor‘a, Zab., Par. 3, ch. VI ואם נַפְשְׁךָ לומרוכ׳ (= ואיבעית אימא, v. בְּעִי) or if you prefer (another argument); Ḥull.78b bot. Ib. מה ואם נפשך לומר why should you prefer another argument?, i. e. what objection can there be to the argument offered before? (מ)מה נפשך, v. מָה.Ḥull.IV, 7 (77a) נ׳ היפה one not fastidious.B. Bath.89a נ׳ מאזנים the opening in which the tongue of scales rests (agina).Pl. as ab. דיני נ׳, v. דִּין II. Snh. l. c. עדי נ׳ witnesses in capital cases.Yoma VIII, 6 ספק נ׳ the possibility of danger to human life; Sabb.129a; a. fr. -
8 נֶפֶש
נֶפֶשf. (b. h.; preced. wds.) 1) resting place, esp. a structure next to or over a tomb. Ohol. VII, 1 נ׳ אטומה a solid tomb-structure (to which there is no access). Shek. II, 5 מותר המת בונין לו נ׳וכ׳ from what is left over of the appropriation for funeral expenses, we build a monument ; (Gen. R. s. 82 בַּיִת). Tosef.Erub.VI (V), 4, sq.; Erub.55b (contrad. to קבר).Pl. נְפָשוֹת. Ib. V, 1 נ׳ sepulchres (containing a place of shelter). Y.Shek.II, 47a top; Gen. R. l. c. אין עושין נ׳וכ׳ no monuments need be put up for the righteous, v. זִכָּרוֹן. Tosef.Ohol.XVII, 4 חוקת נ׳ שבא״יוכ׳ the presumption in the case of sepulchres in Palestine is that they are levitically clean, except those marked. 2) soul, life; person; will, desire, disposition. B. Mets.IV, 6 שאינו אלא נ׳ רעה for it (the refusal of a coin on the ground of a slight abrasion) proves merely a malevolent soul (illiberality in dealing); ib. 52b, v. קְהֵי. Gen. R. s. 14 (names of the soul) נ׳ רוחוכ׳. Ib. נ׳ זו הדם nefesh means blood (life). Ib. (ref. to Gen. 2:7, a. 7:22) כאן הוא עושה נשמה נ׳וכ׳ here the text calls the soul ( נשמה) nefesh, and there, ruaḥ (spirit); ib. s. 32.Snh.IV, 5 נ׳ אחת one (persons) life. Y.Taan.III, beg.66b מכיון שנתנוב״ד נַפְשָׁןוכ׳ as soon as the court has declared its will to do a thing. Nidd.65b, a. fr. בעל נ׳ one who is master over his desire, a conscientious man.Ber.44b כל נ׳ משיב את הנ׳ all life (animal food) restores life; וכל קרוב לנ׳וכ׳ and what is nearest life (the neck which contains the jugular vein) Y.Keth.V, 30b top דברים שהן קיום נ׳ things required for sustaining life. Yoma 74b אבידת נ׳, v. אֲבֵירָה; a. v. fr.דחה נ׳, v. דָּחָה.Sifra Mtsor‘a, Zab., Par. 3, ch. VI ואם נַפְשְׁךָ לומרוכ׳ (= ואיבעית אימא, v. בְּעִי) or if you prefer (another argument); Ḥull.78b bot. Ib. מה ואם נפשך לומר why should you prefer another argument?, i. e. what objection can there be to the argument offered before? (מ)מה נפשך, v. מָה.Ḥull.IV, 7 (77a) נ׳ היפה one not fastidious.B. Bath.89a נ׳ מאזנים the opening in which the tongue of scales rests (agina).Pl. as ab. דיני נ׳, v. דִּין II. Snh. l. c. עדי נ׳ witnesses in capital cases.Yoma VIII, 6 ספק נ׳ the possibility of danger to human life; Sabb.129a; a. fr. -
9 fondo
m.1 bottom.doble fondo false bottomsin fondo bottomlesssu popularidad ha tocado fondo their popularity has reached an all-time low o rock bottom2 back.3 depth.tener un metro de fondo to be one meter deep4 background.sobre fondo negro on a black backgroundal fondo in the background5 heart, bottom.llegar al fondo de to get to the heart o bottom ofel problema de fondo the underlying problemla cuestión de fondo the fundamental issue6 fund (finance) (de dinero).a fondo perdido non-returnablerecaudar fondos to raise fundsfondo de amortización sinking fundfondo de comercio goodwillfondo común kittyfondo de garantía de depósito deposit guarantee fundfondo de inversión investment fundfondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fundfondo de pensiones pension fundfondos reservados = contingency funds available to ministries, for which they do not have to account publicly7 catalog, collection.fondo editorial backlist8 reason, basis (fundamento).9 substance.10 stamina (sport) (resistencia).de fondo long-distancede medio fondo middle-distance11 petticoat (combinación). (Colombian Spanish, Mexican Spanish)12 core, root, bottom.13 bed, lowest part.* * *1 (parte más baja) bottom2 (parte más lejana) end, back3 (segundo término) background4 (profundidad) depth5 (aguante) stamina6 FINANZAS fund7 (de libros etc) stock\a fondo perdido nonrecoverable, nonreturnablede... en fondo... abreasten el fondo figurado deep down, at heartreunir fondos to raise fundsfondo común kittyfondo de inversión investment fundfondo de pensiones pension fundFondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fundfondo del mar sea bedfondo y forma form and substancefondos bloqueados frozen assetsfondos disponibles available funds, liquid assetsfondos públicos public funds* * *noun m.1) bottom2) back, rear3) background4) fund* * *SM1) [parte inferior] [de caja, botella, lago, mar] bottom; [de río] bed•
los bajos fondos — the underworld•
una maletín con doble fondo — a case with a false bottom, a false-bottomed case•
irse al fondo — to sink to the bottom•
sin fondo — bottomlessla economía tocó fondo y el gobierno tuvo que devaluar la moneda — the economy reached o hit rock bottom and the government had to devalue the currency
hemos tocado fondo y todo indica que la recuperación está muy próxima — the market has bottomed out and all the indications are that a recovery is just around the corner
2) [parte posterior] [de pasillo, calle, nave] end; [de habitación, armario] back•
al fondo, su oficina está al fondo a la izquierda — her office is at the end on the left3) (=profundidad) [de cajón, edificio, bañera] depth¿cuánto tiene de fondo el armario? — how deep is the wardrobe?
•
tener mucho fondo — to be deep4) (=lo fundamental)en el fondo de esta polémica late el miedo al cambio — at the heart o bottom of this controversy lies a fear of change
•
la cuestión de fondo — the basic o fundamental issueel problema de fondo — the basic o fundamental o underlying problem
•
la forma y el fondo — form and contentartículo 2)•
llegar al fondo de la cuestión — to get to the bottom of the matter5) (=segundo plano) backgroundla historia transcurre sobre un fondo de creciente inquietud social — the story takes place against a background of growing social unrest
•
música de fondo — background music•
ruido de fondo — background noisefondo de escritorio, fondo de pantalla — (Inform) (desktop) wallpaper
6)•
a fondo —a) [como adj]•
una limpieza a fondo — a thorough cleanb) [como adv]no conoce a fondo la situación del país — he does not have a thorough o an in-depth knowledge of the country's situation
la policía investigará a fondo lo ocurrido — the police will conduct a thorough investigation of what happened
he estudiado a fondo a los escritores del Siglo de Oro — I have studied Golden Age writers in great depth
•
emplearse a fondo, tuvo que emplearse a fondo para disuadirlos — he had to use all his skill to dissuade themel equipo deberá emplearse a fondo para derrotar a sus adversarios — the team will have to draw on all its resources to beat their opponents
7)•
en el fondo —a) (=en nuestro interior) deep downen el fondo, es buena persona — deep down he's a good person, he's a good person at heart
•
en el fondo de su corazón — in his heart of hearts, deep downb) (=en realidad) reallylo que se debatirá en la reunión, en el fondo, es el futuro de la empresa — what is actually o really going to be debated in the meeting is the future of the company
la verdad es que en el fondo, no tengo ganas — to be honest, I really don't feel like it
en el fondo no quiere irse — when it comes down to it, he doesn't want to leave
c) (=en lo fundamental) fundamentally, essentiallyen el fondo ambos sistemas son muy parecidos — fundamentally o essentially, both systems are very similar
8) (Dep)•
carrera de fondo — long-distance race•
esquí de fondo — cross-country skiing•
corredor de medio fondo — middle-distance runner•
pruebas de medio fondo — middle-distance events9) (=dinero) (Com, Econ) fund; [en póker, entre amigos] pot, kittycontamos con un fondo de 150.000 euros para becas — we have at our disposal a budget of 150,000 euros for grants
su padre le ha prestado bastante dinero a fondo perdido — his father has given him quite a lot of money on permanent loan
Fondo de Compensación Interterritorial — system of financial redistribution between the autonomous regions of Spain
fondo ético — (Econ) ethical investment fund
10) pl fondos (=dinero) funds•
recaudar fondos — to raise funds•
estar sin fondos — to be out of funds, be broke *cheque o talón sin fondos — bounced cheque, rubber check (EEUU)
11) (=reserva) [de biblioteca, archivo, museo] collection12) (=carácter) nature, dispositionde fondo jovial — of cheery o cheerful disposition, cheerful-natured
13) (Dep) (=resistencia) stamina15) Méx•
con o de fondo — serious•
medio fondo — slip17) And (=finca) country estate18) Chile (Culin) large pot ( to feed a large number of people)* * *1)a) ( parte más baja) bottomb) (parte de atrás - de pasillo, calle) end; (- de habitación) backestaban al or en el fondo de la sala — they were at the back of the room
c) ( profundidad)d) ( de edificio) depthe) (en cuadro, fotografía) background2)a) (Lit) ( contenido) contentb) (Der)3) (Fin)a) ( de dinero) fundhacer un fondo común — to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kitty
un cheque sin fondos — a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
estoy mal de fondos — (fam) I'm short of cash (colloq)
c)a fondo perdido — <inversión/préstamo> non-refundable, non-recoverable
4) (Dep) ( en atletismo)de fondo — <corredor/carrera/prueba> long-distance
5) (de biblioteca, museo) collection6) (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt7) (en locs)a fondo — (loc adj) <estudio/investigación> in-depth; (loc adv) <prepararse/entrenar> thoroughly
conoce el área/tema a fondo — she knows the area/subject really well
de fondo — <ruido/música> background (before n); <error/discrepancia> fundamental
en el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person; en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really; fondo blanco! (AmL fam) bottoms up! (colloq); tener buen fondo to be a good person at heart; tocar fondo to bottom out; su credibilidad ha tocado fondo — his credibility has hit o reached rock bottom
* * *1)a) ( parte más baja) bottomb) (parte de atrás - de pasillo, calle) end; (- de habitación) backestaban al or en el fondo de la sala — they were at the back of the room
c) ( profundidad)d) ( de edificio) depthe) (en cuadro, fotografía) background2)a) (Lit) ( contenido) contentb) (Der)3) (Fin)a) ( de dinero) fundhacer un fondo común — to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kitty
un cheque sin fondos — a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
estoy mal de fondos — (fam) I'm short of cash (colloq)
c)a fondo perdido — <inversión/préstamo> non-refundable, non-recoverable
4) (Dep) ( en atletismo)de fondo — <corredor/carrera/prueba> long-distance
5) (de biblioteca, museo) collection6) (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt7) (en locs)a fondo — (loc adj) <estudio/investigación> in-depth; (loc adv) <prepararse/entrenar> thoroughly
conoce el área/tema a fondo — she knows the area/subject really well
de fondo — <ruido/música> background (before n); <error/discrepancia> fundamental
en el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person; en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really; fondo blanco! (AmL fam) bottoms up! (colloq); tener buen fondo to be a good person at heart; tocar fondo to bottom out; su credibilidad ha tocado fondo — his credibility has hit o reached rock bottom
* * *fondo11 = background, backing, quid, crux, fundus.Ex: In the background has often been the need, at a time of declining financial resources, to demonstrate the relevance of the library to all sectors of society and there can sometimes be detected an element of patronization.
Ex: A picture is a two-dimensional visual representation accessible to the naked eye and generally on an opaque backing.Ex: The important moral crux at the heart of the novel 'The debt collector' is that the odds are stacked against the rehabilitation of violent criminals.Ex: The crux of the process is the development of multiple models.Ex: This is an extremely valuable clinical test that provides information about the circulatory system of the ocular fundus (the back of the eye) not attainable by routine examination.* a fondo = fully, thoroughly, full-scale.* al fondo (de) = at the bottom (of).* artículo de fondo = feature article.* corredor de fondo = long-distance runner.* en el fondo = at heart, deep down, in the back of + Posesivo + mind, in the back of + Posesivo + head, at the back of + Posesivo + head, bottom line, the, in the bottom.* en el fondo de = at the root of.* esquiador de fondo = cross-country skier.* esquí de fondo = cross-country skiing.* fondo del mar = sea bottom, seafloor [sea floor], ocean floor, seabed [sea bed].* fondo del océano = ocean bed, ocean floor.* fondo marino = deep-sea floor.* forma de doble fondo = double-faced mould.* forma de un solo fondo = single-faced mould.* forma de un solo fondo para papel verjurado = single-faced laid mould.* limpiar a fondo = spring-clean, clear out.* limpieza a fondo = spring cleaning.* llegar al fondo de la cuestión = see to the + bottom of things.* llegar al fondo de una Cuestión = get to + the bottom of, get to + the root of.* mar de fondo = groundswell.* material de fondo = backing.* movimiento de fondo = groundswell.* negro sobre fondo blanco = black on white.* pez de fondo = groundfish, bottom fish.* pozo sin fondo = bottomless pit.* ruido de fondo = background noise.* servir de telón de fondo = set + the backdrop.* sin fondo = bottomless.* telón de fondo = background, backdrop.* teniendo como telón de fondo = against + background of.* teniendo esto como telón de fondo = against this background.* tocar fondo = bottom out, hit + rock-bottom, reach + rock-bottom, touch + rock bottom, strike + bottom.fondo33 = backlist, stock, collection, stocking.Ex: They not only provide detailed information about new books and those soon to be published, but also continue to list all of their books still in print (frequently called a ' backlist').
Ex: Consider, for example, the work of the shoe shop manager and the way he arranges his stock of shoes.Ex: While there are a profusion of techniques in existence to gain access to the collections, there is no uniform system.Ex: Because of the lack of stocking space, there are many products that we can order for next day pick-up.* colección de fondos electrónicos = e-collection [electronic collection].* colección de fondos locales = local history collection, local collection.* con suficientes fondos = properly stocked.* consultar los fondos = search + holdings.* dotar de fondos a una biblioteca = stock + library.* exceso de fondos = overstock.* expurgo de fondos bibliográficos = collection weeding, stock weeding.* fondo antiguo = antiquarian materials.* fondo bibliográfico = bookstock [book stock].* fondo circulante = circulating collection.* fondo de acceso restringido = reserve collection.* fondo de consulta en sala = reserve reading collection, reserve collection, reserve shelves, special reserve, reserve book room.* fondo de lectura "formativo-recreativa" = browser collection.* fondo de préstamo por horas = short-loan collection.* fondo de recursos electrónicos de acceso restringido = electronic reserve.* fondo de registros bibliográficos = bibliographic pool, bibliographic record pool.* fondo de revistas = periodical holdings.* fondo documental = document collection.* fondo local = local material.* fondos bibliográficos = holdings, stock.* fondos de acceso libre = open stacks.* fondos de acceso restringido = closed access collection, closed stacks, closed access stacks.* fondos de la biblioteca = library's stock, library materials.* fondos de libre acceso = open access stacks.* fondos de material audiovisual = AV holdings.* fondos de publicaciones periódicas = serial holdings.* fondos de revistas = journal holdings.* fondos indioamericanos = American Indian materials.* fondos integrados = integrated stock.* fondos locales = local history material.* fondos patrimoniales = heritage collection.* ingresar en los fondos = accession.* mención de fondos = holdings statement.* provisto de buenos fondos = stockholding.* renovación de fondos = turnover, stock turnover, turnover of stock.* renovar fondos = turn over.* replanteamiento de los fondos = stock revision.* sección de fondos locales = local studies department, local studies library, local studies collection.* sección para el fondo de consulta en sala = reserve room.* selección de fondos = stock selection.* * *A1 (parte más baja) bottomel fondo del mar the bottom of the seael fondo de la cacerola/bolsa the bottom of the saucepan/bages muy profundo, no consigo tocar fondo it's very deep, I can't touch the bottomen el fondo de su corazón deep down (in his heart)tenemos que llegar al fondo de esta cuestión we must get to the bottom of this matterhay un fondo de verdad en esa historia there is an element of truth in that storyhay en él un fondo de maldad there's a streak of maliciousness in him2 (de un pasillo, una calle) end; (de una habitación) backal fondo, a la derecha at the end, on the rightsiga hasta el fondo del pasillo go to the end of the corridoryo vivo justo al fondo de la calle I live right at the end of the streetencontró la carta al fondo del cajón he found the letter at the back of the drawerestaban sentados al or en el fondo de la sala they were sitting at the back of the room3(profundidad): esta piscina tiene poco fondo this pool is not very deep o is quite shallownecesito un cajón con más fondo I need a deeper drawer4 (de un edificio) depthel edificio tiene poca fachada pero mucho fondo the building has a narrow frontage but it goes back a long way5 (en un cuadro, una fotografía) backgroundestampado blanco sobre fondo gris white print on gray backgroundCompuesto:( Inf) wallpaperB1 ( Lit) (contenido) contentel fondo y la forma de una novela the form and content of a novel2 ( Der):una cuestión de fondo a question of lawC ( Fin)1 (de dinero) fundun fondo para las víctimas del siniestro a fund for the disaster victimstenemos un fondo común para estas cosas we have a joint fund o ( colloq) a kitty for these thingsrecaudar fondos to raise moneyreunió los fondos para la operación he raised the funds o money for the operationno dispone de fondos suficientes en la cuenta he does not have sufficient funds o money in his accountme dio un cheque sin fondos the check he gave me bounced, he gave me a dud check, the bank would not honor the check he gave me ( frml)el departamento no dispone de fondos para este fin the department does not have funds o money available for this purposelos fondos están bloqueados the funds have been frozen3a fondo perdido ‹inversión/préstamo› non-refundable, non-recoverablelo que pagas de alquiler es dinero a fondo perdido the money you spend on rent is money wasted o ( colloq) money down the drainCompuestos:sinking fundventure capital fundventure capital fundgoodwill( Fin) fund of fundsdeposit guarantee fundstrike fundinvestment fundReal Estate Investment Trust, REIThedge fundresearch fundpension fundprovident fundslush fundfighting fundtracker fund(UE) Cohesion Fund(UE) European Development Fund(UE) European Regional Development Fund(UE) European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee FundInternational Monetary Fund, IMF(UE) European Social Fundmpl public funds (pl)mpl secret funds (pl)D ( Dep)1(en atletismo): de fondo ‹corredor/carrera/prueba› long-distance2 (en gimnasia) push-up, press-up ( BrE)E (de una biblioteca, un museo) collectionCompuesto:list (of titles)F (de una alcachofa) heartH ( en locs):( loc adv) ‹prepararse/entrenar› thoroughlyesto necesita una limpieza a fondo this needs a thorough cleanuna reforma a fondo de las instituciones a sweeping reform of the institutionsestudiar a fondo un problema to study a problem in depthlos próximos días deben ser aprovechados a fondo you/we must make full use of the next few days, you/we must use the next few days to the full‹error/discrepancia› fundamental maquillajede cuatro en fondo four abreasten el fondo: en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad persondiscutimos mucho, pero en el fondo nos llevamos bien we quarrel a lot but basically we get on all right o but we get on all right, reallytener buen fondoor no tener mal fondo to be a good person at heart, to have one's heart in the right placetocar fondo: en el mes de abril el precio tocó fondo in April the price bottomed outya hemos tocado fondo y las cosas empiezan a ir mejor we seem to be past the worst now and things are beginning to go bettersu credibilidad ha tocado fondo his credibility has hit o reached rock bottomme voy a tener que volver porque ya estoy tocando fondo I'm going to have to go back because I'm down to my last few dollars ( o pesos etc)I ( Chi) (olla grande) cauldron, large pot* * *
fondo sustantivo masculino
1
llegaré al fondo de esta cuestión I'll get to the bottom of this matter
(— de habitación) back;
c) ( profundidad):
2 (Lit) ( contenido) content
3 (Fin)
◊ hacer un fondo común to start a joint fund o (colloq) a kittyb)
recaudar fondos to raise money;
un cheque sin fondos a dud o (AmE) rubber check (colloq)
4 (Dep) ( en atletismo):
5 (Méx) (Indum) slip, underskirt
6 ( en locs)
‹ limpieza› thorough;
( loc adv) ‹prepararse/entrenar› thoroughly;
de fondo ‹ruido/música› background ( before n);
en el fondo: en el fondo nos llevamos bien we get on all right, really;
en el fondo no es malo deep down he's not a bad person
fondo sustantivo masculino
1 (parte más profunda) bottom
un doble fondo, a false bottom
2 (interior de una persona) en el fondo es muy tierno, deep down he's very gentle
3 (extremo opuesto) (de una habitación) back
(de un pasillo) end
4 (segundo plano) background
música de fondo, background music
mujer sobre fondo rojo, woman on a red background
5 (núcleo, meollo) essence, core
el fondo del asunto, the core of the matter
6 Prensa artículo de fondo, leading article
7 Dep corredor de fondo, long-distance runner
esquí de fondo, cross-country skiing
8 Fin fund: nos dio un cheque sin fondos, he gave us a bad cheque
familiar fondo común, kitty 9 bajos fondos, underworld
10 (conjunto de documentos, libros etc.) batch: los fondos documentales están en el sótano, the batches of documents are in the basement
♦ Locuciones: tocar fondo, Náut to touch bottom
figurado to reach rock bottom
a fondo, thoroughly
a fondo perdido, non-recoverable funds
' fondo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
esquí
- F.M.I.
- FMI
- FSE
- lecho
- revolverse
- sentar
- telón
- artículo
- barril
- bien
- carrera
- corredor
- crear
- cuestión
- doble
- maquillaje
- mar
English:
back
- backdrop
- background
- bed
- blunder
- board
- bottom
- bottom out
- bottomless
- clean out
- clear out
- cross-country
- dappled
- depth
- end
- extensive
- floor
- fund
- going-over
- groundswell
- heart
- IMF
- inch
- International Monetary Fund
- kitty
- long-distance
- mutual fund
- pool
- scrub down
- seabed
- sink
- spring-clean
- stuff away
- thoroughly
- thrash out
- underneath
- unit trust
- abreast
- clean
- closely
- deep
- deeply
- disaster
- float
- full
- further
- good
- heavy
- in-depth
- international
* * *fondo nm1. [parte inferior] bottom;el fondo del mar the bottom of the sea;fondos [de embarcación] bottom;dar fondo [embarcación] to drop anchor;echar a fondo [embarcación] to sink;irse a fondo [embarcación] to sink, to founder;sin fondo bottomless;RP Fam¡fondo blanco! bottoms up!;tocar fondo [embarcación] to hit the bottom (of the sea/river);[crisis] to bottom out;su popularidad ha tocado fondo their popularity has reached an all-time low o rock bottom;mi paciencia ha tocado fondo my patience has reached its limit2. [de habitación, escenario] back;al fondo de [calle, pasillo] at the end of;[sala] at the back of;el fondo de la pista the back of the court;los baños están al fondo del pasillo, a la derecha the toilets are at the end of the corridor, on the right3. [dimensión] depth;un río de poco fondo a shallow river;tener un metro de fondo to be one metre deep4. [de cuadro, foto, tela] background;quiero una tela de flores sobre fondo negro I'd like some material with a pattern of flowers on a black background;al fondo in the background5. [de alcachofa] heart6. [de asunto, problema] heart, bottom;el problema de fondo the underlying problem;la cuestión de fondo the fundamental issue;llegar al fondo de to get to the heart o bottom of;el gobierno quiere llegar al fondo de la cuestión the government wants to get to the bottom of the matter;en el fondo [en lo más íntimo] deep down;[en lo esencial] basically;en el fondo está enamorada de él deep down, she loves him;en el fondo, no es mala persona deep down, she's not a bad person;en el fondo tus problemas son los mismos basically, you have the same problems8. [de obra literaria] substance9. [de dinero] fund;a fondo perdido [préstamo] non-returnable;no estamos dispuestos a invertir a fondo perdido we're not prepared to pour money down the drain;fondos [capital] funds;nos hemos quedado sin fondos our funds have run out;un cheque sin fondos a bad cheque;estar mal de fondos [persona] to be badly off;[empresa] to be short of funds;recaudar fondos to raise fundsEcon fondo de amortización sinking fund;fondos bloqueados frozen funds;fondo de cohesión cohesion fund;Fin fondo de comercio goodwill;fondo de compensación interterritorial interterritorial compensation fund;fondo común kitty;poner un fondo (común) to set up a kitty;Fin fondo de crédito permanente evergreen fund;fondo de emergencia contingency fund;UE fondos estructurales structural funds; Fin fondo ético ethical fund; UE Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo European Development Fund; UE Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional European Regional Development Fund;fondo de fideicomiso trust fund;Fin fondo de garantía de depósitos deposit guarantee fund; Fin fondo de inversión investment fund; Fin fondo de inversión ético ethical investment fund;fondo de inversión inmobiliaria real estate investment fund;Fondo Monetario Internacional International Monetary Fund;Fondo Mundial para la Naturaleza World Wildlife Fund;Econ fondo de pensiones pension fund;fondos públicos public funds;Fin fondo de renta fija non-equity fund, bond fund; Fin fondo de renta variable equity fund;fondos reservados = contingency funds available to ministries, for which they do not have to account publicly;Fin fondo rotativo revolving fund; UE Fondo Social Europeo European Social Fund;fondo vitalicio life annuity10. [fundamento] reason, basis;sus acciones tienen siempre un fondo humanitario everything she does is for humanitarian reasons11.hacer algo a fondo [en profundidad] to do sth thoroughly;hicimos una lectura a fondo we read it through carefully;hacer una limpieza a fondo to have a thorough clean;el juez ha ordenado una investigación a fondo the judge has ordered a full enquiry o an in-depth investigation;emplearse a fondo to do one's utmost12. [de biblioteca, archivo] catalogue, collectionfondo editorial backlistmedio fondo middle-distance running;carrera de fondo long-distance race;esquí de fondo cross-country skiing;de medio fondo middle-distancefondo en carretera [ciclismo] road racing16. Carib, Méx [prenda] petticoat18. RP [patio] back patio* * *m1 bottom;doble fondo false bottom;fondo marino seabed;tocar fondo fig reach bottom;los bajos fondos the underworld sg2 ( profundidad) depth;hacer una limpieza a fondo de algo give sth a thorough clean, clean sth thoroughly;emplearse a fondo fig give one’s all;ir al fondo de algo look at sth in depth;en el fondo deep down4 PINT, FOT background;música de fondo background music6 COM fund;fondos pl money sg, funds;a fondo perdido non-refundable;sin fondos cheque dud7 DEP:de medio fondo middle distance atr8 ( disposición):tiene buen fondo he’s got a good heart* * *fondo nm1) : bottom2) : rear, back, end3) : depth4) : background5) : sea bed6) : fundfondo de inversiones: investment fund8) fondos nmpl: funds, resourcescheque sin fondos: bounced check9)a fondo : thoroughly, in depthen fondo : abreast* * *fondo n1. (en general) bottom2. (de calle, pasillo) end3. (de habitación) back4. (segundo término) background -
10 право
1. сущ.( в субъективном смысле) right; title; (власть, полномочие) authority; powerвосстанавливать в правах — ( кого-л) to rehabilitate, разг rehab; restore ( smb) in his / her rights
давать (предоставлять) (кому-л) право — to authorize (empower, enable) (smb + to + inf); entitle ( smb to); give (grant) ( smb) a right
затрагивать чьи-л права — to affect (impair, prejudice) smb's rights
заявлять (предъявлять) право — (на) to claim ( for); claim a right; lay (lodge, raise) a claim (to)
иметь право — (на) to be eligible ( for); be entitled (to); have a right (to)
лишать (кого-л) избирательного права — to deny ( smb) (deprive / divest smb of) his / her electoral right; disfranchise ( smb)
наделять (кого-л) правом — to authorize (empower) (smb + to + inf); confer a right (on / upon); vest a right ( in smb); vest ( smb) with a right
наносить ущерб (чьим-л) правам — to affect (impair, prejudice) ( smb's) rights
не затрагивать права и обязанности юридического лица — not to affect (impair, prejudice) the rights and obligations of a legal entity (person)
отказываться от права — to abandon (disclaim, drop, remise, renounce, resign, surrender, waive) a right; quitclaim
передавать (переуступать) право — to assign (cede, transfer) a right
посягать на (ущемлять) (чьи-л) права — to encroach (infringe, trespass, usurp) on (upon) ( smb's) rights
предоставлять (давать) (кому-л) право — to authorize (empower, enable) (smb + to + inf); entitle ( smb to); give (grant) ( smb) a right
приостанавливать осуществление прав и привилегий — to suspend the exercise of ( smb's) rights and privileges
без права — ( при покупке акций) ex right(s)
на равных правах — on a par; on the basis of parity
верховенство права — rule of law; supremacy of law
восстановление в правах — rehabilitation; restoration of rights
лишение права возражения — estoppel; ( на основании данного обещания) promissory estoppel
лишение гражданских прав — deprivation (forfeit, revocation) of civil rights
нарушение авторского права — infringement (violation) of a copyright; piracy
ограничение права — circumscription (curtailment, limitation, restriction) of a right; ( на возражение) estoppel
передача права — assignment (cession, transfer) of a right
поражение в правах — deprivation (extinction, forfeit, revocation) of a right; disability; disfranchisement; disqualification; incapacity; incapacitation
посягательство на права — ( чьи-л) encroachment (infringement, trespass) on (upon) ( smb's) rights
признание, соблюдение и защита прав и свобод человека — recognition, observance and protection of human rights and freedoms
уступка права — assignment (cession, transfer) of a right
права, (не) подлежащие передаче — ( другому лицу) (non-)transferable rights
право адвоката не разглашать сведения, полученные от клиента, право атторнея не разглашать сведения, полученные от клиента — attorney-client privilege
право владения, пользования и распоряжения — ( имуществом) right of possession ( на праве собственности ownership), enjoyment (use) and disposal (disposition) ( of property)
право интеллектуальной собственности — incorporeal right; intellectual property right
право обращения в суд, право доступа в суд — right of access to the court
право равного участия в жизни международного сообщества — right of (to) equal participation in the life of the international (world) community
право участия в управлении государственными делами — right to participate (take part) in the administration (conduct, government) of public affairs
право на бесплатные юридические услуги — ( для неимущих граждан) right to a free counsel (to free legal aid / assistance)
право на заключение коллективных договоров — collective bargaining right; right to bargain collectively
право на материальное обеспечение в старости (в случае потери трудоспособности) — right to maintenance in old age (in case of disability)
право на обжалование судебных решений — right of appeal; right to appeal against court decisions
право на получение возмещения, право на получение удовлетворения — right to recovery
право на помилование или смягчение приговора — right to seek pardon or commutation (mitigation) of the sentence
право на свободу мысли, совести и религии — right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion
право на судебную проверку законности и обоснованности содержания под стражей — right to court verification of the legality and validity of holding ( smb) in custody
право вступать в отношения с другими государствами — right to enter into relations with other states
право искать убежище от преследований и пользоваться этим убежищем — right to seek and to enjoy asylum from persecution
право обжаловать действия должностных лиц — right to lodge a complaint against the actions of officials
право передавать вопрос на рассмотрение комитета — right to refer (submit) a matter to the committee
право принадлежать или не принадлежать к международным организациям — right to belong or not to belong to international organizations
право принимать участие в управлении своей страной — right to participate (take part) in the government of one's country
право распоряжаться своими богатствами и естественными ресурсами — ( государства) right ( of a state) to dispose of its wealth and its natural resources
право свободно передвигаться и выбирать место жительства — right to freedom of movement and choice of (place of) residence
право считаться невиновным до тех пор, пока вина не будет доказана в установленном законом порядке — right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law
право участвовать в культурной жизни общества — right to participate (take part) in the cultural life of society
право участвовать в отправлении правосудия — right to participate (take part) in administration of justice
монопольное право, исключительное право — exclusive (sole) right; prerogative
обязательственное право, относительное право — right in personam; ( из договора) contractual right
подразумеваемое право, презюмируемое право — implicit (implied) right; ( собственности) apparent ownership
- право авторствапреимущественное право, преференциальное право, приоритетное право — preferential (priority, underlying) right
- право аренды
- право бенефициара
- право вето - право воюющей стороны
- право вступления во владение
- право выбора
- право выкупа
- право выхода
- право голоса
- право давности
- право денонсации
- право доступа к информации
- право законодательной инициативы
- право защиты своих граждан
- право изобретателя
- право истребования долга
- право личной собственности
- право личности
- право муниципальной собственности
- право надзора
- право наследования
- право обжалования - право обыска судов
- право оперативного управления
- право отвода кандидата
- право отзыва
- право отказа от наследства
- право отчуждения за долги
- право очной ставки
- право передоверия
- право перепродажи
- право пересмотра
- право плавания под морским флагом
- право подписи
- право подписки на акции
- право пользования
- право помилования
- право прайвеси
- право представления
- право преждепользования
- право преимущественной покупки
- право преследования
- право приоритета
- право продажи
- право проезда
- право прохода
- право протеста
- право регресса
- право оборота
- право самосохранения
- право свободного доступа
- право, связанное с недвижимостью
- право собраний
- право собственности
- право суда
- право требования
- право убежища
- право удержания имущества
- право усмотрения
- право участия в голосовании
- право физического лица на имя
- право хозяйственного управления
- право членства
- право юридического лица
- право юрисдикции
- право на апелляцию
- право на быстрый суд
- право на взыскание
- право на владение землёй
- право на возврат
- право на вознаграждение
- право на гражданство
- право на дистрибьюторство
- право на доброе имя и репутацию
- право на жизнь
- право на жилище
- право на запрос
- право на защиту
- право на защиту закона
- право на защиту от безработицы
- право на заявление ходатайства
- право на избрание
- право на иск
- право на компенсацию
- право на наследство
- право на недвижимость
- право на образование
- право на обыск
- право на осмотр и захват
- право на отдых и досуг
- право на охрану здоровья
- право на переизбрание
- право на пересмотр приговора
- право на пользование родным языком
- право на привилегии
- право на привилегии и иммунитеты
- право на равенство перед судом
- право на самоопределение
- право на самоуправление
- право на свободный выбор работы
- право на свободу
- право на свободу убеждений
- право на социальное обеспечение
- право на судебную защиту
- право на существование
- право на труд
- право на юридическое равенство
- право выступать в высших судах
- право завещать любое имущество
- право избирать и быть избранным
- право нанимать адвоката
- право наслаждаться искусством
- право не отвечать на вопросы
- право носить оружие
- право потребовать адвоката
- право представлять свидетелей
- право представлять улики
- право просить помилования
- право удерживать товар
- право хранить и носить оружие
- право хранить молчание
- абсолютное право
- неограниченное право
- авторское право - беспредельное право
- бесспорное право
- неоспоримое право
- большие права
- вещное право
- имущественное право
- взаимные права и обязанности
- возвратное право
- гражданские права - закреплённое право
- признанное право
- залоговое право
- избирательное право - неделимое имущественное право
- нематериальное право
- абсолютное право
- неотъемлемое право
- обусловленное право
- ограниченное право
- основные права - политические права
- посессорное право
- преимущественное право покупки
- производное право - регрессивное право
- смежные права
- совместное право в недвижимости
- социально-экономические права
- спорное право
- субъективное право
- суверенное право
- супружеские права
- существенное право
- ущемлённое право
- юридически действительное право 2. сущ.( в объективном смысле) lawбакалавр права — Bachelor of Law(s) (B.L., LL.B.)
верховенство (господство) права — rule-of-law; supremacy of law
вопрос права — matter (point, question) of law
доктор права — Doctor of Law(s) (D.L., LL.D.)
магистр права — Master of Law(s) (M.L., LL.M.)
ошибка в праве — error (mistake) of law; flaw in the law
презумпция права — presumption in law; prima facie law
в соответствии с нормами (принципами) международного права — in accordance (compliance, conformity) with the norms (principles) of international law; under international law
право, действующее на территории страны — law of the land
право, регулирующее деятельность акционерных компаний — company law
- право войныправо, регулирующее деятельность международных организаций — law of international organizations
- право в судебном толковании
- право международной безопасности
- право международной торговли
- право международных инвестиций
- право народов - право торгового оборота
- агентское право
- административное право
- акционерное право
- арбитражное право
- арендное право
- банковское право
- брачное право
- брачно-семейное право - государственное право
- гражданское право
- гражданско-процессуальное право
- действующее право
- деликтное право
- дипломатическое право - доказательственное право
- Европейское право
- естественное право
- законодательное право
- земельное право
- изобретательское право
- каноническое право
- коллизионное право
- конституционное право
- консульское право
- личное право
- материальное право
- межгосударственное право
- международное право
- международное валютное право
- международное воздушное право
- международное гуманитарное право
- международное договорное право
- международное космическое право
- международное морское право
- международное обычное право
- международное авторское право
- международное публичное право
- международное частное право
- налоговое право - общее право
- обычное право
- обязательственное право
- парламентское право
- патентное право
- позитивное право
- посольское право
- прецедентное право
- процессуальное право - рыночное право
- светское право
- семейное право
- современное право
- сравнительное право
- статутное право
- страховое право
- судебное право
- таможенное право
- торговое право
- трудовое право
- уголовное право
- уголовно-процессуальное право
- финансовое право
- хозяйственное право
- церковное право
- частное право
См. также в других словарях:
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